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Ukuziqonda Iimpazamo Ezikhankanyayo Server Iimpazamo ZeMemory KwiNgeni Yesimanje
Imemori yomkluli isenza indima ebalulekile ekugcineni inkathi yokuqinisekisa kwezinhlelo yasevisi nezobuchwepheshe. Uma kuhlangana nokuthinta kwamakhanda, kungahlawula kakhulu imisebenzi yesivikeli, kuthinta ukulahlekelwa kwebhendi, amadatha, nesiphazamiso sezinsizakalo. Ngoba izihlalo ziyophakama ekusebenzisa umphakathi wendawo, ukulungiselela lezi zinkinga zekhanda zasevisi ziyaphila ngokwengeziwe.
Abaphathisi besistimi nabaprofeshini be-IT bathola ngokuthutshana izinkinga ezihlobene nesilinganiso esidinga ukulungiswa kusasa. Kusukela ekhubeni kwesilinganiso kuya kuzindlela zohlelo lokusebenza ezingavuleki isilinganiso, ukuzwisisa lezi zinkinga nokulungisa kuzibalulekile ukugcina imisebenzi emehlweni yaserver.
Ukungavuli kwe-Silinganiso kanye Nokuphazanywa Kwemithombo
Ukuqiniseka Kwezinhlobo Zokungavuli Kwesilinganiso
Ukungavuli kwe-silinganiso kubekwa uma uhlelo lwesivilo lukhohlwa ukuvula isilinganiso esabelwe. Lezi zinkinga zakhelwa ngokanda, okwenzela ukuthi kube lula ukuzibala. Abaphathisi besistimi kumele bahlale bahlola izinhlobo zokusetshenziswa kwe-silinganiso ngemisebenzi eyaziwe baze bathintane izimpawu ezithakatha njengekunyuka kwe-silinganiso ngaphandle kokunyuka kwezenzo.
Ukuchazwa okuqhubekayo kwezinhloso zokusetshenzisa imemori kungasiza ekuboneni izinhlelo nezindlela eziphuthelene nazo. Ukusebenzisa izinqumo ezihlakaniphileyo ezulawula izinhloso zokunika nokubuyisela imemori kuvumela ukutholakala kwayo ngaphambilini kwezibingelelo ezingavamile ngaphambi kokuqinisekisa ukuthintana kwesistimu.
Ukusebenzisa Izinqumo Zokuphazanyiswa Kwememori
Ukulungisa iziphazanyiso zememori kudinga indlela eqondene yokubona futhi ukulungisa. Qalani ngokusebenzisa izinketho ezifanelekileyo zokuthatha inkinga ukuze ulandele izinhloso zokunikezwa nokusetshenziswa kwememori. Izixhobo zokulungisa izinhlelo zezinhlelo zingasiza ekuboneni izigaba ezithile zekhodi ezibophelela ekuphathweni okungempela kwememori.
Hlukanani ukusebenzisa izinqubo zemepholi yememori ukuze kube lula ukuphatha izimpondo futhi uvikeleke ukwahlukahluka. Ukuhlaziywa okuqhubekayo kwezinhlelo futhi ukuhlela kwebhuluki kungasiza futhi ekulungiseni izinkinga ezijulileyo zokuphazanyiswa kwememori kumakompophutha.
Ukugayayo Kwemephu Yomthwalo Wememori
Ukuqashwa Kwezinkinga Zomthwalo We-Hardware
Iziproblema zomemori zomphakathi zingakhombisa ngokuphulwa kwezinhlelo, ukuvuka kabusha okungalindelekile, noma ukuchithwa kwedatha. Izixhumanisi zokuhlola umemori zikwenzela ukuthi uthole izimoduli ezihlulekile zomemori ngokuphathelene nokuhlola kahle. Kufanele kube nenqubo yokuhlola umemori yona yonke indawo ekugcineni izinhlelo ukuze uthole izinkinga ezingaba khona ngaphambi kokuba zicime izinhlelo.
Umembala othuthelwayo kwekhowudi (ECC) unethongolo engeyona yokuthola iziphazamiso ze-bit eyodwa, kodwa iziphazamiso ezinkulu kunezinye kudinga ukubeka oko kuqinisekisa nokuthinta. Ukusebenzisa izisombululo zokugcina izimpahla ngaphambi kokuba ziphule kumele kutholakale izimpahla ephuthelayo zomemori ngaphambi kokuba ziphule ngokugcwele.
Izisombululo Esekelwe kumZabalazal
Xa kuhlanjwe imithwalo yesimemo esiphakeme, ukubuyisela i-moduli ezihlukileyo yindlela ephambene. Kodwa, kumele ulandele izibonelo zokuphatha nokufaka ukuze uvikale ukuthi kungabi khona ukusungwa kwesitshixo kanye nokunconywa okunjalo. Cabanga ngokusebenzisa izinhlelo zokugcina isimemo apho izinhlelo ezibalulekile zidinga ukutholakala kakhulu.
Izinketho zokuhlengela kusengaphandle kumele ziqukelela ukubheka ngokwephondo i-moduli yesimemo ngeempawu zomlambo noma ukulahlekelwa. Ukugcina uhlu lwemoduli enezilinganiso ezingafani kuncikelela ukususa ngokushesha xa kuhlangana nezinkinga zohlelo lokusebenza.
Imithwalo Yosiko Lwesimemo Nama-Inthanhamu
Ukuphatha Ithambo Lesimemo
Ukwahlukana kwezikhathi kumelela xa izikhathi ezimfihlele zihluka kumazibuko amancane, engavunyelwanga ngokuphindwe, okwakungcolisa ukunikezwa kwezikhathi ezinkulu ngendlela efanelekileyo. Lokhu kungaba yindlela yokunciphisa iqembu noma kube nenani elide elodwa lezikhathi. Imithetho yokuhlela izikhathi futhi imithetho ephephile yoklawula izikhathi iyasiza ekugcineni ubunikazi obuhle bezikhathi.
Ukusebenzisa imithombo ephephile yokunikezela izikhathi futhi imithetho ephephile yokulawula uhlelo ungcolisa isimo sokwahlukana. Cabanga ngokusebenzisa izinhlelo zokuhlanganisa izikhathi ezimfihlele ngemva ebalulekile ukusetshenziswa kwizikhathi.
Amasu Okwenza Okungcono
Ukuhlanjulwa kwezikhathi kufanele kube khona phakathi kwezixhobo nezobuchwepheshe. Ukulungiselela kakhulu kwezikhathi zovirtual futhi kwezikhathi zoswap zisiza ekulawuleni ukugcinwa kwezikhathi ngemva ebalulekile. Ukuqashisa imithetho futhi izinhlelo zokucindezela izikhathi zingahlanjula iqembu elijwayelekile lehlelo.
Ukubheka kahle imithetho yokuqashisa kwe-memory kusiza ekutholeni izikhathi zokuphatha. Cacisa ukusebenzisa izisombululo zokwakha ngokuzenzekalelayo ezingayishintsha ukunikezwa kwe-memory ngokulinganiselwe kizindlela zokusebenza.
Ukulungiselela nokuphatha Izilungiselelo
Ukulungiselela Kwesilinganiso Kwe-Memory
Kukhona indima enkulu ukulungiselela kwegunya le-server ekugcineni ubunzima nesimo sesivinini. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukuseta izimpendulo ezifanelekileyo ze-virtual memory, ukulungiselela iziglimiti zomthwalo wezinhlangano, nokwenza izimpendulo ezifanelekileyo zokunikezwa kwegunya. Ukubheka kabusha nokulungiselela kwezi zilungiselelo kusiza ekunikezeni amathuba okusetshenziswa kwegunya ngendlela efanele.
Ukudokolozelwa kwebhokhwe lokulungiselela nezimpawu zazo kusiza ekwakheni isingeniso sendlela yesifundo esifanelekileyo emva kokuphatha. Sebenzisa izimpendulo zokuphatha ukuhlaziywa ukuze ufake umbiko wokuguquka nokuziphatha kwesivinini.
Izimpendulo Zokulungisa Isivinini
Ukulungisa kwezinyawo kufanele kube yindlela ekhokelwa ngayo ukukhokha kwegcobo nokulungisa izilungiso ngendlela efanele. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukulungisa imitholampofu yezenzo, ukulungisa amakhadi wecache, nokulungisa izimpawu zokususwa kwegcobo lapho kudingeka. Izixhobo zokubeka isimo ngokuzenzekalelayo zingasebenze njengosizo ekutholeni izindawo ezidinga uqondiso.
Vula izikhali zokusebenza kanye nokubonakala okuphambili kanye nokulinganisa okwamanje ngezi zikhali. Lokhu kusiza ekutholeni ukuchazana okuncotshwayo kanye nezimali zokulungisa.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Kungakanjani umkhawulo wegcobo leseva kufanele wahlaziywe ngokushesha?
Kufanele kwenzeke uhlelo oluhlaza ngokushesha ngaphambilini kwamahora, ngabe kunengiwe kakhulu kumathuba amakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele kwenzeke uhlelo olusheshayo lapho kubonwa ububele obungafani noma iziproblemi zokusebenza.
Iziphawu zeziproblemi ezingalimini zegcobo leseva ziziphi?
Izindlela ezibalayo eziphathelene ngokungafani kwezinsimbi, izimvo zemfazwe ezithintekileyo embonweni wemfazwe, izimvo ezihlukileyo zokusebenza, nezinkinga ezihlanzekileyo zezinhlelo. Ukuhlola kahle kungasiza ekuboneni lezi ziphumo ngaphambilini.
Kungakhathalwa izinkinga zomkhumbi weserver ngokulungiselela okuphelele?
Yebo, kungakwenzeka ukuthi kuthintelwe izinkinga eziningi zomkhumbi weserver ngokulungiselela kahle, kufaka phakathi ukuchaza izixhobo, ukuhlola izimo zokusetshenziswa komkhumbi, ukusebenzisa izinqumo ezifanelekileyo zokulahla, nokugcina imfazwe efulekile. Ukubuyisela ngapriori izimoduli ezivalelweyo zomkhumbi nazo zingakwenzela ukuthi kungakhathalwe izinkinga.
Yiziphi izixhobo ezinconywayo ekulondolozaneni izinkinga zomkhumbi weserver?
Izixhobo ezibaluleke kakhulu zifaka phakathi izilondolozo ze-OS, izixhobo zokuchazwa komkhumbi njenge-Memtest86+, izixhobo zokuhlola njenge-Nagios noma i-Zabbix, nezixhobo ezikhethekileyo zokulondoloza izinkinga zomkhumbi embonweni wohlelo. Ukusetshenziswa kahle kwezi zixhobo kusiza ekugciniseni isebhu esifanelekile.