Umemoria we-DDR4: Umkhombu Wokuthola Ukubuyisa Isipho seserver

Ukuhlala Kwesikhashana se-DDR4 Ngokubuyisela Amahhori Kwiindawo Eziningi

Amahhori Akhulu nokufinyelela Okukhangelwe Yedatha

Ukhozo lweDDR4 umthetho uhlala kakhulu ngokushesha kakhulu phakathi kwesiqephu esishiyene, DDR3, lokhu kungabheka ukuthi ubuyekezo olukhulu lwenqanawe lolunyelelwa kanye nokusebenza kakhulu kumiphi woqhathaniso wezi zinto ezinikezeli amandla. Amalungiselelo angaphambili angena okuhlula ukususa, okuyingxenye yokuqinisekisa ukuphucukeleko, okuningi lokulandelana ngezinye izindlela ezidingekayo umemfiswano wokuquketha online. Iimbizo yesintshabalolo zikhuluma ukuthi ubuyekezo bungapheleleyo ngokwesentile esincinci ngokuthi kunye no-30% kwiimbuzo eyahlukene xa kusetshenziswa i-DDR4, njengoba kuhlanganisiwe ngamathuba omkhulu. Lomphindze wokuqinisekiswa wakugcina ukubalekela komsebenzi wesayithi kanye nokufundziswa kahle kwezinto ezincane ezisetshenziswa.

Ukuphatha kwe-Prefetch Buffers kumiphi woqhathaniso

Amabhuffesi abaphethwe kwi-DDR4 memory zikhuluma izicatshulwa zezidlalo, uzokuphela ukusukelwa kokufinyelela okuhlola umemori wokuhlola imemori ngalokubekwa kwezinhlobo ezidingekayo. Lomkhakha ukuhlanganisa amaphephandaba we-cache, okungakwenziwa isiphumo sasendle sokuphumula kwesobizo, ngokushesha kakhulu lokunyelekileyo kumthwalo omnyama, njengecloud computing applications. Iindlela ezincinci zazibophelela ukuba ubungakanani bokugcina i-latency ngu-20%. Ngokubuyiselwa kwezicala ezindaweni ezincedwayo nokuthi zingavamile kakhulu, DDR4 uzokuphela ukusebenzisa iserver ezifundiswa ngezilondolozi ezingqithini.

Umbongo Wesibonelo: Ukugcina Kwe-Latency Kwimigomo Yovisualayishini

Ukubuka kwiqhathaniso lwe-DDR4 memory kumgaqabi okuthile ezilandelana neenva, siyazi ukuba ngokwesiphumo sokuqinisekisa sibuyelela isikhatsi esisodwa ngalokhu ukuvamilela amandla ngokuphathelene. Izigaba zase-IT zihlelwa ukuba iimisha le-DDR4 zifunyaniswa ukuba ziziphumulele futhi zingakuhlelo ukusetyenziswa kwemali wovirtualization, vumelela amanani angaphambili asebenze ngenhlobo yabo. Izindlela zakubala zihlelwa ukuba izikhalo zomashini omavirtualize edithayiswayo zibuyela ngaphezulu ku-35% xa zivamiswa nge-DDR4 ngasemva kwezi ziqondileyo ezilandelayo. Leliqinisekiso lingenza ukuba i-DDR4 inikeza umphathi wesiphumo sokugcina ngokukhululeka ngokusebenzela amandla kunye nokuhlola ngokukhona kwiseveni esidingekayo.

Ngokufika kwezinye izinto, sibona ukuba yinqanawa enkulu yokuba lememory le-DDR4 iyiphatha ukubuyela isikhatsi esisodwa kuzama ezintsha servers, uzokususa lokhu olungabafundi abasebenza ngokukhululeka kunye nokusetshentleni kwezicala zemali.

Iinkcukacha Zikhoyo Ngokulungile KweDual-Socket Server Amashebengi

Amagama Okusebenzisa Ukusetha Imali We8-DIMM/16-DIMM

Ukufunda amagama akhawunti achanuni kuhlu kungavumelana nesiphumo esidingeni kwiqembu leserver elibini-socket, ngokubanzi nezilungiselelo ezikhulu ze-8-DIMM kunye ne-16-DIMM. Izicwangciso zokulayisha DIMM ezinhle zizangelela ubandawani bokuxhasa nobungakho lokususa ngokushoqua umoya wememe edingekileyo phakathi kwamadodana omncane. Izigaba zezilungiselelo zikwazi ukuba kuhamba ngaphansi kwe-20% kakhulu kulandelule kwezilungiselelo ezinethuthukiseni. Lokhu kuhlonipha uqukuqulweni wesiphiwo sokufolwa kwezindlela ezidingekayo.

Ukulandela Ukusetyenziswa KweRank Phakathi Kwamakhanda Okuhlula Amemori

Ukuphatha kwe-rank ngokwesiphumo sikhono lokusebenza nge-memory, apho amaphephandaba akho amahle angamukelwa ukuya kokubonisa amaphutha nokuthola kuhluke umthentho. Ngizamlawula ukuphatha kwe-rank ukusukelela ubandela-bafu bese usetyenziswa kwisebe esihle sisebenzela ukufaka imeme yomemori ngalinye lama-controller. Ukudluliswa kukhethe ukuthi xa kuluphathwe kwe-rank kuninzi ukuphumelela okulandelayo kwiqhutywa lezokusebenza kwindawo yokugcina uphelo lwe-25%. Amasithethi amahle akusetshenziswa ukusuka kwehlakalo lokusebenza lokungcono lokuhlola idatha, ifanele ekutheni labantu abasebenzisi amagama engazama ukusebenzisa i-high-performance computing.

Amaphatho Akuphuma Ukusetyenziswa Kwesibhedlela Sabandela

Amehlo ezinethiwe kuhlu kuhlula ukuthi lokhu kufanele ukusukelwa ukuze kuhlanganiswe uphawu lwendawo nokuthola bandwidth efanelekileyo kwiSisteme DDR4. Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphumeleleyo amandla amehlo eziphumaphawu, uzokulungisa isikhatsi esebenza ukufakwa kweendawo, uzokusukela ukuthi iSisteme DDR4 zibe ngaphandle kwezinyathelo. Izicwangciso eziningi zikufanele zibuyelekile ngaphezu kwezindawo ezithile ngenxa yezinto ezaziphumela lokho. Amatesi asebenzayo abadabedwa ukuthi umandla omphumeleyo wamandla omphumeleyo ungabonisa indlela yokusebenza yomphumela ngalusho olwane, lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuthi yilungu lolu kufanele lokuqala kwezisekelwano.

Ukulanda Ukuphatha Kwemali Ekhethweni Lwendawo Okulingana Nge-DDR4

Ukusetshenziswa Kokubuyekeza Iimpendulo Lebita Engcono

Uhlobo lwe-Error Correction Code (ECC) lwedatha lusenzo esiphathelene lokuvamilela amandla apho kuhlanganisa izindlela ezikhethelwe ngokulandelakala, ukuhlelwa ukufinyelela nokukhangelwa kwe-amandla engu-bit enguqinileyo. Ukusebenzisa kwe-ECC kwi-DDR4 edatha ubuyekeza umthondulo wokususa we-sistemi, okungcono kunye nesiphumo sokuqaphela kwi-industri yokuthi data yezinto ezingalula ayikwazi ukubuyiselwa. Iindlela zokuhlola zithi ukuthi ECC ungabheka iindawo zokugcina ngumoya wokuqala 99.9%, ngakho kulungiselela ukuthi i-applications ezisenzelayo zisafundekayo nokuphucukekako.

Iingxenye zo-Registered DIMM ze-DIMM kwi-Memory Okuthile

I-Registered DIMMs (RDIMMs) izihlelwa ukuthi inqanawa yokuhlala kakhulu lokusebenza ngokubanzi, ngisho emva kwezisekelo zomsebenzi. Ukusetyenziswa kwakho kuhlatywa ukungena isandla somncedisi wememezi, ukuze izindlela zisisebenze ngokukhululekile ngaphandle kokuphela ukusasibona noma ukusasiphongene. Ukudlula kumazwana akuyazi ukuthi i-RDIMMs ziqinisekisa umncedisi weqhutyeni ngamaxesha amashumi asikhombisa 30% ngokubhekeka kakhulu, ukuze zikholele ekuthathweni lwezifundiso ezithethelayo.

Ukubonisa Okushesha kwe-ECC kunye ne-Non-ECC ngoDatabase Clusters

Ukubonisa u-ECC nge-memory eyafuneka ngaphandle kwe-ECC kuhlelwa ukuthi ubungako bokuprotekela amakheto phakathi komsebenzi okuyihlanu lokusebenza idatha. Ngakho ke, iingxenye ezifunekayo ngaphandle kwe-ECC zibonakale ifaketho elikhulu lokuncedisi lebomdolozo lwe-data, ngisho ngendaweni apho kuhlanganiswa umoya omphambili kufanele. Ukusuzumana akukho ukubonisa ukuthi izindlela eziqhutywayo lwe-ECC zisusa izinga lolwandle lwe-40% lokuhlola amahhadi aphantsi kwesetandabaze lokusebenza idatha, uzokusungula ukuthi kufanele ukusetshenziswa kwe-ECC kwiindlela ezincedwayo apho ukuluma kungaba indlela esidingayo isikhwama somhla.

Ubungako Bendlela Be-BIOS Bokuqinisekisa Ukuhlola Okusebenzayo We-DDR4

Ukuqinisekisa Amatayimzini AtCL/tRCD/tRP Ngokugcinwa Ngenkinga Lokusebenza

Ukuphatha amaparamitha angu-timing njenge-tCL, tRCD, kunye netRP ifunyenwa ngokuthi ukuze uhlaleke i-DDR4 imeme yokuqaphela, okungafakewanga lokubekwa kusenzo esizenzelayo. Amaparamitha akhetha ukuba ngaphambili data anikwe ngenani, futhi ukubuyisela abahleli bahlukene izimpendulo ezinamandla kwisekhema sokugcina nokuhlola. Ngokushesha, ekwenzeni amaninzi amathuluzi, amathuluzi amaphindaphinde amasho ukuba zikhona ukwenzela izimpendulo ngaphezulu kubo 15%. Ukubenchima kuhlonipha ukuba leso sisekelo sikufanele kuhlola amasenzo asenzo, uzokusetyenziswa kakhulu lokuhlola amasenzo, uzokusetyenziswa kakhulu lokuhlola amasenzo.

Ukuphatha Imeme kunye ne-techniques eNUMA Zone Balancing

Ukuphinda-kuphinda kweMemory kunene ne-Non-Uniform Memory Access (NUMA) izigaba zokuhambisana zikhona ngakho lokuhlola amandla okufakelwa kweMemory phakathi kwezimbili noma eziningi zimpilo. Izidingo eziqondisiwe ngazo zihlala ukuthi umemori wokufakelwa kweMemory uzikhuphelele ngencane, ukuze uhlanganise amandla kwesicelo esingaphambili. Izinga leNUMA ezidingiswayo zihlukile ukuthi imininingwane yahlalekiswe ngempumelelo, futhi ukusindiswa kakhulu ukubonisa ukuthi lemininingwane oluningiwe kungabangako uphawu lokulandelana nge-20%. Ukuphatha okuningiwe kunjalo kuhluke kakhulu kumva kweentsha yokugcina okunamandla apho zimpilo eziningi zikhuluse, ukubuyekeza isipho sokuthi ukufaka kumemori kuziphathelwe ngokushesha.

Ukohlola kweVoltage yaseStability emikhono elincinci

Ukugcina uhlamvu lwe-sistema ngelokhu ukusebenza i-DDR4 amoduli kwiindawo ezifanele yonke inqanawa ngenhlobo ye-voltage. Ngoba iindawo ezi-3200MHz nokuthi esikhundleni zihlukile izinhlobo zoholo, ukuhlola lexicathulo le-voltage kuyinto ekusenzekelayo lokungakholwa ukuphumelela nokuhlukiswa kwezinye izicatulo zomeme. Ukufumana indlela eyahlukile ngokwesethombo kuhluke kwayo kunjalo ngokuba ukuguquka; isenzo senkcukacha sibuyeza ukuba lexi-voltage sihlola imigomo yesayithi nokubhedlela phakathi kwamabhenkiso eminingi ngo-%10. Lwendlela eyahlukile kufanele lokuhlola i-DDR4 ukuphumelela nokuhlukiswa kwezicatulo someme.

Amalungisi wesayithi: Amagama akudala kwe-DDR4 kwiindlela yokusebenza

Ukusebenzisa i-OLTP Database: Ukhombisa 2133MHz ngokweseto no-3200MHz

Ukuphephelo okwesiphumo phakathi kweemoduli zomeme we-DDR4 ezisebenzisa ku-2133MHz ngezinye ezi-3200MHz uyihlobo lokugcina, ngokushesha kakhulu esiphumo seseOnline Transaction Processing (OLTP) amalayithi. Ukufika kwise-2133MHz kwise-3200MHz, izisistimu zikhuliswa ukuba zibonisele umthentho omkhulu wokuqasha kweendaweni, uzokususa isandulembe esidingiwe. Leenhanciso yokuqasha kubhekisele ukuba kube ngokukhawuleza ukusetyenziswa kwamalayithi, okuningi lokulandelana nokuhlola ukuthi usetyenziswa lwegama lapho luhlola. Izigaba nezilungiselelo zokusebenza zasehlukwayo zingabheka ukuthi izicwangciso ezinethemba labo labelegesi le-RAM elibizwa ngokubanzi bafuneka amandla amakhulu, uzogcina ukusetyenziswa kokuthi abangako babekhona ubuhle bomsebenzi nobungako bemvume.

Ukubuyiselwa kweVirtual Machine Density Ngenkinga Ezidingiwe

Ukugcina amahhori ase-DDR4 akhuphi indlela yokuhlola kwisezokuthi lokusebenza ngokubheke kwezilondolozi ezivakalayo ezikhethekileyo. Ngokugcina kakhulu amahhori, izikhumba ziqale ukusetyenziswa kwesinye esisodwa sesinye sisho imibhalo yezimali (VMs), ukuze lisebenze ngokukhululekileyo. Ukusetshenziswa kakhulu kwezindlela zakugcina zihlola ukuthi lezandla zizange zibe ngena emfunweni ngakwabo okuyizimali ezinethwenjwe. Ukudlatshwa kumazwana akukho ukuthi iinkampani zingabuyeleya umthombo wemibhalo we-VM ngamaxesha angu-30% ngokugcina kahle komahhori ngakwabo asikhwalele abanye abangaphambili kwindlela yokusebenza. Le ndlela yokuhlola lokusebenza kunikeza umthombo wesebentleli weserver futhi unikeza isiphumo esidingiwe ngokungcono kwiinkampani ezithanda ukubuyeleya umthombo wamandla evirch.

Ukushaya Ukusuka Kwememe Yokuqala Ngeziqu-Zachaneli

Ukubopheka kwezindlela ezihlukene kwindlela yokuhlala ememe yonke, uhlanganisa okubanzi kakhulu isiboniselo sasethu sokuthi sihlale kakhulu ngokushaywa kwebandwidth. Ngokusebenzisa amandla engaphezulu, izinhlelo ziqinisekisa ukuphatha imibuzo engakhothani ngendlela elincinci, uzokusiza ukufinyelela kwesikhumulo esikhathini sifanele kakhulu lokuthi abasebenzisi basephrofitha baphumelele. Izinombolo zomphilo zibeza ukuthi ubophelo olunemigomo wokuqala umngeni wokuqala phakathi kwe-40% ngekhona lokusebenzisa i-quad-channel DDR4 architectures. Ukusetshenziswa kuhlanganisela abasebenzisi ababhidvise kuhambisana nokuthi babuyele kuwona amahluwana amaningi ngokungena kakhulu kwi-data analytics.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Ngizoba nganye amagugu aziphumaphi kwe-DDR4 kwiseva ezingaphezulu?

I-DDR4 ihlukene amahhori angaphezulu, ukuhlukaniswa okungcono kwe-data access efficiency, uphinde ulayezeka oluncinci, kunye nokususa kakhulu kwe-request zokudata ngalokhu kuvunyelwe, ukuthi kufanele kakhulu kwiseva ezingaphezulu.

Nginzi ngizoba nganye i-DDR4 memory ususa oluncinci kumaziko omnyama?

Amaphutha kwe-architecture e-DDR4 kuzoqinisekisa amandla a-virtualization, ukuze udubule umsebenzi wokungena kwamashumi angu-35 ngasinye kusukela kwezilondolozi ezidluliswayo.

Ngubani ukuba i-ECC ifanele ku-DDR4 kwiseva leshishini?

I-ECC yiye yophethelo lomkhuhlane nokulungiselela, uzogcina isiphumo sodela nokuhlola imibhuku emikhono yokudibanisa, futhi uzokuphela imibhuku nge-%99.9, ifanele kumicimbi okufanelekayo.

Yingaphi inqwelo ye-voltage yokwenzeka kumthunywa we-DDR4?

Ukuhlola komoya woku-voltage kuzofaka ukuthi akukho ofakelwayo nokugcina usisithembiso sesistimu, ukuze kuhlola imibhuku nokuthi kuholelwa imthunywa ye-DDR4 ngemigomo yezinto ezincane.