Umemoria we-DDR4: Umkhombu Wokuthola Ukubuyisa Isipho seserver

Ukuhlala Kwesikhashana se-DDR4 Ngokubuyisela Amahhori Kwiindawo Eziningi

Amahhori Akhulu nokufinyelela Okukhangelwe Yedatha

Imemori ye DDR4 isebenza ngokusheshana kune teknoloji ye DDR3 yamva, ikunika izivikelelo zokushiphaya idatha ngokushesha futhi kwenza ukuthi izinto isebenze ngokuvulindlela lapho kunezindlela eziningi ezenzekelwa ngokucapha. Ukuphezulu kwe frequency kuthibela ukuba kukhona isikhephe esincane phakathi kwezinye zokusebenza okudinga ukuthi kubaluleke kakhulu kumaqondana nezinto ezithintwa ngokusheshana kwezohwebo noma kwezinhlelo. Izigaba zasematholeni zangqokile ukuthi izivikelelo kungase kusebenze ngokushonile ngenxa ye 30% nge DDR4 ngokwesibonelo esikhokhwe yezinhlelo zasematholeni eziphelela ngoqo. Kwezinkampani ezenza ukusebenzela kwezinhlelo ezidinga ukusebenza ngokushesha, le nto isheshana kwezindlela ikunika isidingo sokuthi izinhlelo zisebenze ngokuvulendlela noma lapho kunezimali ezinguqulo.

Ukuphatha kwe-Prefetch Buffers kumiphi woqhathaniso

Izibhafu zokunquma evela kwi-DDR4 yicala ngokubangela ukuba yidata odinga ngokuqala, okwenza ukufinyelela kwi-memory ibe yinhle ngokwengeza ukuphelelwa kwezindlela ezininzi zihamba ngokucacileyo. Okuncinci kwezikhala ezingenakho kuthetha ukuba iperfomensi iyinhle ngokubangelwa, kuthetha kakhulu ekubeni kuzo zinto ezininzi zihlala zihamba ngokucacileyo njengokuba kuzo i-cloud computing environments. Kukhona amadubule okubonisa ukuba le tekniki zokunquma ingase kunciphise izikhala zokudiliza ngokupelleyo 20%. Xa iserver iyadinga ukuphatha izixhelo ezininzi zedatha ngokucacileyo, le nto iphumelela kakhulu ekugcineni kwezixhelo zokuphendula kwi-demand zomsebenzisi kuzo zonke i-application.

Umbongo Wesibonelo: Ukugcina Kwe-Latency Kwimigomo Yovisualayishini

Xa ubheka indlela lapho i-DDR4 ikhumbula kakhulu emaphakethini amakhulu atholwe, kuvumela ukuthi companies aqale ukushintshe kumaqondo wokudala. I-architecture ye-DDR4 ngokwesibonelo isula ukucindezela futhi usebenze ngokulungile kahle kunezinye izinhloso zangaphambilini. Iziphumo zokuhlola emjini we-IT zibonisa futhi amaphakethi atholwe avalele ngokuvamile noma i-DDR4 isetshenziswe. Isifundo esilodwa sobonisa futhi ukuthi izilinganiso zokuphendula kwe-VM zakhula ngokuphakathi kwama-35% emlandelweni wokuthi i-module ye-DDR4 isetshenziswa esikhundleni se-RAM esidala. Lokhu konke kuthini? Kumaqondo ohlinzwe emaphakethini amakhulu atholwe, i-DDR4 ikhombisa ukuthenjelwe kakhulu. Imicabango ivumele ukuthi isicelo sibeke kahle noma ngemva kwezikhathi eziphezulu, lokhu yilapho amakhampeni kudinga xa bekhona ukuthi kunezikhathi eziphakeme kakhulu noma ukuthola ukuthola kwamandla wokusebenza.

Ngokufika kwezinye izinto, sibona ukuba yinqanawa enkulu yokuba lememory le-DDR4 iyiphatha ukubuyela isikhatsi esisodwa kuzama ezintsha servers, uzokususa lokhu olungabafundi abasebenza ngokukhululeka kunye nokusetshentleni kwezicala zemali.

Iinkcukacha Zikhoyo Ngokulungile KweDual-Socket Server Amashebengi

Amagama Okusebenzisa Ukusetha Imali We8-DIMM/16-DIMM

Ukufunda ukusebenzisa imikhawulo yememori ikhona kakhulu xa usebenza ngemaphethini e-server e-socket evela kwezinye ezisebenzisa i-8 DIMMs noma i-16 DIMMs. Xa i-DIMMs zilandelayo ngokunguqu ngokulandelayo kwezimithi, izinhlayezo zifuna imemori ephethwe ngokuhambisana nokunciphisa izikhathi zokulinda ngokuthi kusekelwe umsebenzi phakathi kwezikhawulo zonke. Izindlela zombono zibonisa ukuthi izinhlayezo ezihleliwe ngokunguqu zisebenza ngokuningi kahle nge-20% kunazo ezinye apho kudala kwehlakala i-DIMMs lapho kunezikhawulo ezifuyele. Kumaqo e-IT abasebenza ngemali encane kodwa badinga ukusebenza okuphezulu kwezinhlayezo zawo, ukubona lezi zimithi zokulayisha akuyona kuphela okunconywa kodwa kuyinto esingakanani ukuthi izinhlayezo zasebenze ngendlela enqunqwana ngenxa yokungabi nokuncishiswa okungathintekayo.

Ukulandela Ukusetyenziswa KweRank Phakathi Kwamakhanda Okuhlula Amemori

Ukufaneleka kwezilimathapho kuyindlela enkulu kakhulu kumaqandisa enza uthengu lwamandla. Xa izinto aziyakulandelwa ngendlela echanekileyo, sengathi sibona ukusebenza okungatholakali futhi kuthulaswa ukubusa komsindo. Ngokwesibonelo esikhona emlakweni, ukutholwa kwezindawo eziphakathi kwezilimathapho kusiza ukuthuthukisa ubunzima bokuxhumana nayo futhi kuthulelwe ukusebenza kwamandla kuzo zikhontroli zihlukahlukene. Kube sekutholwe amaphesenti angu-25% ngokulungile kumaqandisa ezenzakalo esenzakalo esikhulu xa kuzolimathapho kuhlelwe ngendlela echanekileyo. Kumaqandisa enza izisebenzo eziphakeme kakhulu, lezi zizindlela zokuthuthukisa ziyindlela enjalo yokuba imisebenzi ibaleke ngendlela elula ngaphandle kokuthula amandla kakhulu kumakhiwano.

Amaphatho Akuphuma Ukusetyenziswa Kwesibhedlela Sabandela

Ukufaneleka kwezikhala kuyindlela yokuthuthukisa ukufinyelela kudatha kanye nokuthuthukisa amandla ekuxhumekeni kwezinhawu zokugcina DDR4. Uma kusebenziswe ngokufanele, lezi zinhawu zilandela ukuthintana kwezikhala, lokhu kwenza isistimu sibaleke ngendlela ejwayelekile. Izindlela ezahlukene zifanele kakhulu ngokulingana nendzimba ezisembenzela isistimu ngemva nje. Izivivinyo ezithile zombuso bonisa ukuthi ukukhetha indlela yokufaneleka kwezikhala kungaba nokuthuthukisa amandla ngokuphakathi kwe-15%. Lezi zindlela zibalulekile kakhulu kubasebenzisi besistimu yezombulelo, kudingeka sikhombise ukuthi yinto ngamnye ethinta ngokuphelele uma sibhekene nekanda lokusebenzela okuphelele kwezinhawu zokwenza.

Ukulanda Ukuphatha Kwemali Ekhethweni Lwendawo Okulingana Nge-DDR4

Ukusetshenziswa Kokubuyekeza Iimpendulo Lebita Engcono

Imemori ye-ECC isembenza indima ebalulekile ekulindeleni imisebenzi esibalwe ngokutholwa nokulungisa le micu eminye yebit ezingavumelekile ngaphambi kokuba yenza imiphatlaliso. Xa sikhuluma ngokuthile ezi DDR4, ukudibanisa inkxenye ye-ECC kube yenhansisa ubalulekile kakhulu kwizinhlobo zokusebenza. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu kumaphoyinti ahleli imali nezihospitali lapho ukungena kweqondo elilodwa yokuthile kungaba nokuthamboza okukhulu. Ngokwesicelo se-indistri, i-ECC ithintela ukuthwala imiphatlaliso ngempela kwezingu-99.9% ngesikhathi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izicelo ezisebenzisa ulwazi olungcono lube liphelwe kakhulu futhi libale kahle ngaphandle kokuthishwa okungafanele noma ukungena kwezinyathelo.

Iingxenye zo-Registered DIMM ze-DIMM kwi-Memory Okuthile

Amaphakheji we-RDIMMs aba nemathiko alilandelayo xa kusebenzwa kakhulu inkqubo yememori, ngakumbi kuzo zimo ezikhulu zezinhlanzi zomphakathi okuthiwa yizinhlanzi zezinhloko. Indlela abalwe ngayo lezi zinhlobo zememori zenza ukuba kube lula kakhulu kwiqondo lokusebenzisa imemori, okungenzeka ukuba izinhlanzi zibe yinani elikhulu ngelokho kuzothuthwa ukusebenza kahle. Kunezinye izivivinyo eziqinisekisa ukuthi kunezibonelo ezingu-30% eziphambili kakhulu xa izinhlanzi zombuso zisebenzisa lezi RDIMMs. Kwizinhlanzi ezidinga ukuthi izisitimbe zazo zisebenze ngokuphelele 24/7, le ndlela yokusebenza kahle yenza ukuba kube yinto ehlukile. Aba maniya wezinhlanzi zedatha ngama-RDIMMs ngokwokuthi kusebenzela ngokulula kakhulu ngaphandle kwezinye i-DIMMs.

Ukubonisa Okushesha kwe-ECC kunye ne-Non-ECC ngoDatabase Clusters

Ukubheka i-ECC ngokuhambelana nenkumbulo ephambili ubonisa ngokwesiko ukubaluleka kukaPhumelelo kwezilungiselelo zokugcina izinkomba zedatha zokuhamba ngokuzenzakalelayo. Yebo, ukusebenzisa izinketho ze-ECC ngokungafani nazo zingavumela ukuthola imali ngokwokuqala, kodwa kukhona uhlanganwa olungcono olukhona kwehlukahlukene kwezilungiselelo, ngokukodwa kuzo zilungiselelo ezibalulekileyo zokuhamba ngokuphelele lapho kudingeka zihlale zivulekile ngokuphelele. Kunezifundo ezitholile ukuthi izinkomba zedatha ezisebenzisa i-ECC zihlukana ngokwezimali kancane nge-40% ngokwezifinyelelo. Lokhu kuyindlela yokucaciswa lapho sicinga ngokwesiko ngoba noma yiziphi iziphoso ezincane zingakuthiwa kuzindlela ezinkulu lapho kusebenzela ngokwezinhlelo zokuthiwa kakhulu. Kuzo zokwenza izinjini zokungafanele ukuthi zingena kwehlukahlukene kwayo, ukuthengisa i-ECC kuyindlela engcono ngokushesha ngaphandle kwezinga eliphezulu kokuqala.

Ubungako Bendlela Be-BIOS Bokuqinisekisa Ukuhlola Okusebenzayo We-DDR4

Ukuqinisekisa Amatayimzini AtCL/tRCD/tRP Ngokugcinwa Ngenkinga Lokusebenza

Ukufumana izimpawu zokugcina ngokwezicelo kwekhankatha ye-DDR4 - izinto ezijikelezwa tCL, tRCD, ne-tRP - kwenza wonke uhlu lokuqiniseka xa kuvamekwa ukuthola okuningi kwezinhlobo zokusebenza, ngakumbi xa kusebenzwa nezinhlobo eziyimiseko zokusebenza. Le zimpawu zombuso zohlala ukontrola indawo yokuhamba kwezibhakabhaka kwiqondo, ngakho-ke ukuthwalela kahle kwezi zimpawu kungaholela ekhuliseni indawo yokusebenza kwezinhlobo nezidinga zokusebenza ngokushesha. Noma kanjani ukusebenzela kwezibhakabhaka, ukuthwalela kwezi zimpawu kungenzeka ukuthi kwenze uhlu olukhulu olungaphezu kwe-15% ngokwesivivinyo seziphene. Xa izinhlanu zivalela izinhlobo zazo ngemva kokuthwalela kwezi zimpawu, ziningi izikhathi zifumana uhlu olukhulu olukhulayo kwezinhlobo zazo xa zisebenzisa izinkenke eziphezulu. Lokhu kungenzeka ukuthi kwenze uhlu olungcono kwezinhlanu xa kudingeka ukuthola okuningi kwezindleko zokusebenza kwazo.

Ukuphatha Imeme kunye ne-techniques eNUMA Zone Balancing

Xa kufika kumsebenzi wokuthola impumelelo ephakamile kumaqondana ngokusebenzisa imemori ngokuvamile kwiintshukumo ezininzi, kuyakho ukuthi kufunekwa ukusebenzisa ukwahlulahlula imemori kunye nenqanaba le-NUMA (Non-Uniform Memory Access) lithi lingeniswe. Le mehodhi yenza ukuba izinto zisebenze ngendlela elula ngokuthulaselwa kwezikhathi ezingaphandle xa iindlela ezahlukene zesistimu kudinga ukufikelela kwi-memori. Iqondo lokuseko lwe-NUMA lithi lungenisiwe kuthiwa data iyahamba ngendlela ethulile kwi-sistimu. Umgqulo wokwenene ubonisa ukuba izistimu ezipinwe ngokulungile ngolu ndlela zithola impumelelo ephakamile kwaye zingatholela ukongeza kwe-20% kwiindlela ezisebenzisa iindleko. Kwiindawo zokusebenza ngokuxhuma kwezimali kunye neendawo ezintshukumo eziphela ngokuxhuma, le nto ithetha ukuba ukulungisa ngokulula kuyakho ukuba yinto ephambene. Ikhona yokuphatha imemori ayiyiyo ke ngokulula into ebonakalayo kodwa iyakho ukuba yinto efunekayo kulo naliphi na into engathanda ukuthola impumelelo ephakamile kwiintshukumo zakhe.

Ukohlola kweVoltage yaseStability emikhono elincinci

Ukugcina izisiteme ezifiswe xa kusebenzwa imoduli ye-DDR4 kumaqondo amakhulu ngokwanele aya kubaluleka ukulungisa ivoli. Xa sikhulisa izimvambo ngaphezulu kwe-3200MHz, ihadware isebenza ngokwengeziwe, ngakho-ke ukulungisa ivoli kuya kube lula ukulinda izinto ukungaphethe futhi ukuthi imemori ethole umphumelelo ngaphandle koko kungathiwe. Le nto ayiyona kuphela okulungiselela ukusebenza ngokwanele. Izivivinyo ezithile zasho ukuthi ukulungisa izivoli kungavimba amaphoyinti futhi kube lula ukuthuthukisa imetric 10%. Ukulungisa le ndawo kuyabongwa ngabantu abathanda ukuthi le ndawo ye-DDR4 yabo ibe yimali efanele futhi yabo yimali etholwe ngokwengeziwe.

Amalungisi wesayithi: Amagama akudala kwe-DDR4 kwiindlela yokusebenza

Ukusebenzisa i-OLTP Database: Ukhombisa 2133MHz ngokweseto no-3200MHz

Xa kuh comparison na lemoduli ye DDR4 yekuqala phakathi kwe 2133MHz futhi leyo 3200MHz, ishesho lelokuqala sikhona kakhulu, ngokukodwa kumaqondana OLTP (Online Transaction Processing) apho amadatha base handlela izindleko ezingu thousands ngamaxeshe. Izinhlayiya eziphansiwe kumaDDR4 amaxeshe angu 2133MHz zazikhona ukuthi izikhathi zabo zokusebenzisa idatha zazungeza kabili. Izikhathi ezinkulu zokusebenza kumele kuthi izicelo zisebenze ngokushesha xa kumele kuthi abasebenzisi babamele, lokhu kungcono xa abakheli bathinta izindleko zokuvuleka noma ukuphawula kwezindatha. Izivivinyo ezeniwe emakhaya amaningi ezithi izinkampani ezisebenzisa lemoduli yeRAM ezinkulu zazikhona ukuthi izindleko zokusebenza zazungeza ngokushesha. Abathengi basebenzisa izindleko zokuthenga, izibhanki ezisebenzisa izenzo zokuphathwa komali, nezinkhlinikhi ezisebenzisa izindatha zomuntu zazithola ukusebenza ngokungcono futhi abasebenzisi bakhululekile ngokuthi basebenzisa izikhathi ezingu 3200MHz.

Ukubuyiselwa kweVirtual Machine Density Ngenkinga Ezidingiwe

Ukuhlelwa kwezikhawulo zokugcinwa kwe-DRAM4 kunehlaka engqondweni xa kubhekwa ngokunikezela amaphethini okusebenzela kakhulu kwezinhlelo zokuvirtualisa. Xa abasebenzisa inhlelo yezikhawulo zokugcinwa ngendlela efanele, izinhlayiya zokuthi zisebenze ngokushesha ngokweqile kakhulu. Izikhawulo efanayo zinezindlela zokulawulwa kahle ngokwengeziwe kwezinhlayiya ezifakwe kakhulu kuzinhlelo zasemathini. Kunezimathikhi ezithi ukuthi noma kunikezela amaphethini okusebenzela kwezikhawulo zokugcinwa, izinhlelo zaseTI zingathola ukuthi zifaka kakhulu izinhlayiya ezingu-30% kuzinhlelo zasemathini ngaphansi kwehlabenkuhla. Kumaqembu abekwa ukuthi abeke amaphethini okusebenzela kwezinhlelo zasemathini, le nto iyabo yenzelula ukusebenziswa kahle kwezinhlelo zasemathini futhi kungcono ukutholiwe amaphethini okusebenzela ngokwengeziwe.

Ukushaya Ukusuka Kwememe Yokuqala Ngeziqu-Zachaneli

Imicelo yenkqubo yememori engama-4 iyenza umehluko owodwa kwiinkcukacha ezisebenzisa imemori, ekunika iinkcukacha inqanawa lekuphakama ngokukhawuleza ngokongeza ubunzima. Xa iinkqubo zinokufikelela kwiimicelo ezingama-4 yeememori ngokocacileyo, zinokushandlela iidatha ezikhankanyayo ngokukhawuleza kunjalo njengoko kwenzekayo ngaphambili. Lokhu kuthi kumakumeli bafumane amaphendula ngokukhawuleza, okuca ngokukhawuleza kwiinkampani ezisebenzisa idatha ngemva nemva. Izinombolo zinceda kathathi oku boniselweyo kwiimeko evelayo. Iinkampani ezitshintshayo kwiimicelo engama-4 DDR4 zazi ukuba izigaba zokusebenza zakhuphuka ngokupi 40%. Kwiinkampani apho ukukhawuleza kuyafana nenkwenkwe, njengokwezinkampani zokuphatha imali okanye zokuthutha, le ndlela yokuqinisekisa iyinto engcono kamnandi. Ikunika ababhali ukukhawuleza ukuphendula kwiingxaki zemercantile ngokucacileyo ngendlela yokulinda amahora kumakumeli abafumlane iziphiwo.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Ngizoba nganye amagugu aziphumaphi kwe-DDR4 kwiseva ezingaphezulu?

I-DDR4 ihlukene amahhori angaphezulu, ukuhlukaniswa okungcono kwe-data access efficiency, uphinde ulayezeka oluncinci, kunye nokususa kakhulu kwe-request zokudata ngalokhu kuvunyelwe, ukuthi kufanele kakhulu kwiseva ezingaphezulu.

Nginzi ngizoba nganye i-DDR4 memory ususa oluncinci kumaziko omnyama?

Amaphutha kwe-architecture e-DDR4 kuzoqinisekisa amandla a-virtualization, ukuze udubule umsebenzi wokungena kwamashumi angu-35 ngasinye kusukela kwezilondolozi ezidluliswayo.

Ngubani ukuba i-ECC ifanele ku-DDR4 kwiseva leshishini?

I-ECC yiye yophethelo lomkhuhlane nokulungiselela, uzogcina isiphumo sodela nokuhlola imibhuku emikhono yokudibanisa, futhi uzokuphela imibhuku nge-%99.9, ifanele kumicimbi okufanelekayo.

Yingaphi inqwelo ye-voltage yokwenzeka kumthunywa we-DDR4?

Ukuhlola komoya woku-voltage kuzofaka ukuthi akukho ofakelwayo nokugcina usisithembiso sesistimu, ukuze kuhlola imibhuku nokuthi kuholelwa imthunywa ye-DDR4 ngemigomo yezinto ezincane.