Ukushintsha Iphethelo le-DDR4 Ngemva kokucabanga Labantu Abamodern

Imiphiqo ye-Technical Advantages of DDR4 kuma-daba weData Center

Ukusebenza okunempilo we-1.2V vs. i-DDR3 yesimo se-1.5V

Imemori ye-DDR4 ingcono kakhulu ekusethweni kwedatha-sentla ngokuba iyasebenza ngamandla amancane ngokulinganise kwezimodi zami ezeddweyo zase-DDR3. Ubunzima obukhulu bawo buhlukene futhi - i-DDR4 isebenza ngokungenaniswa kwe-1.2 volts ngelokho i-DDR3 ineedwa amaphrojekthi 1.5 volts ukusebenza kahle. Oku kudla amandla kungcola ukuthi kuncane ukusetshenziswa kwamandla, okwakhiwe futhi ukuthi kuncane ukushisa kugcizelelwa phakathi kwe-server racks. Labamakhambi abadla ukuthi abale kakhulu amaphuzu wamandla nabalinga ukuthi kushisa izinhloso, ukuguqula kuma-DDR4 kuyakhiwa ukuthi kudingekile kakhulu nokusebenza kwezimali. Sibonile izinkomba zokwengeza lapho izinkampani zasetha izithousand ngokuphelele kwezindleko zokushisa kuphela emva kokuthuleka. Ngaphezulu, ngokuba i-DDR4 ayakhi ishisa esikhulu, izisevisi zasebenza ngokungenaniswa kwezinye izikhathi. Lokhu kungcono kakhulu ukugcina ukuthi izinhloso zisebenze kahle ngemva kwezikhathi eziningi, ngokukodwa lapho kuzochithwa ukusebenzela okukhulu okuthathwa yonke induna kanye nezinye izinsuku eziningi ekusethweni kwezidata edlulelweyo.

Ibandwidth Iya Kuvela Ku 2133 MT/s Ukuze Kwe 3200 MT/s Ukushiphiswa

Ukushifta kusuka ku-DDR3 ukuya ku-DDR4 kunezimpawu ezinhle, ngakumbi xa kusebenza nezinjani. I-DDR4 eletsha ingasebenzisa idatha kuspeedi engaphandle kuka-2133 MT/s ku-3200 MT/s. Lokhu kwenza uhlu olukhulu lapho kusebenzisa izinjani ezidinga ukuthi idatha ibhuluke kakhulu. Izigaba zonke zihlaya kakhulu ngenxa yoko ingasebenze ngokushesha ngokuhambisana nokuthi idatha ibuyele futhi ibuyele ngokuhle. Idata centers ebalulekile kakhulu nezinjani ezinkulu zokuthi zibonakale isiphumo esikhulu. Ukusebenzisa kuthathe isikhashana esincane, izinjani eziningi zihlolwe ngokulandelana ngekunene, futhi izinjani eziphiloselwe kakhulu zisebenza ngokushesha kakhulu. Konke lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu manje ngoba ubuhleli bokwenza izinto bubele kakhulu ngokwezinhlanhla.

Uhlobo lwe-Architecture weBank wekuQoqa Ukufinyelela Okulinganayo

I-DDR4 inika into entsha kwi mehlodi yayo ye-bank group engenza ukuba iindawo zokufinyelela amabhangi ngokulandelayo esuka kumva ngokulandelayo. Le nto iyasebenza ngokugqithisileyo xa kusebenzela nezindlela ezingcono ukuvumela ukusebenzela okuningi okuvumela ukuthuthwa kwezilungelo. Iindlela ezimnye zokuthumela idatha kuthetha ukuba amagxagxa angena ngokushesha kwezilungelo ezinkulu. Iindlela ezingcono zokuthumela idatha kuthetha ukuba amagxagxa angena ngokushesha kwezilungelo ezinkulu. Iindlela ezingcono zokuthumela idatha kuthetha ukuba amagxagxa angena ngokushesha kwezilungelo ezinkulu. Iindlela ezingcono zokuthumela idatha kuthetha ukuba amagxagxa angena ngokushesha kwezilungelo ezinkulu. Iindlela ezingcono zokuthumela idatha kuthetha ukuba amagxagxa angena ngokushesha kwezilungelo ezinkulu. Iindlela ezingcono zokuthumela idatha kuthetha ukuba amagxagxa angena ngokushesha kwezilungelo ezinkulu. Iindlela ezingcono zokuthumela idatha kuthetha ukuba amagxagxa angena ngokushesha kwezilungelo ezinkulu. Iindlela ezingcono zokuthumela idatha kuthetha ukuba amagxagxa angena ngokushesha kwezilungelo ezinkulu. Iindlela ezingcono zokuthumela idatha kuthetha ukuba amagxagxa angena ngokushesha kwezilungelo ezinkulu.

Ukusebenza Kwamandla & Imali Yokuqeda YokuBona

Yini Okuvumela Ukuncipiswa Kwe-Voltage Ukunciphisa Imithombo Yokuchaza

Ukuguqula kweyimemori ye DDR3 kuya ku DDR4 ibangela ukuncipha kwevoltage esebenziselwa kusuka kuma-volti ama 1.5 kuya kuma-volti ama 1.2. Lokhu kuncipha kuholela eshishini le data centers lasebenza ngalo ngezinyanga. Ngaphakathi kwehlukahluka kwehlizwa esibonwa kwi-hardware, izicelo ezingcono kuzodinga ukusebenzisa izisiteme zokulula ngokwengeziweyo. Kakhulu kwezimali ezisebenzisa izicelo zemathuba, lokhu kuthuthukisa ukunceda kwezimali ezibhalwe kuma AC nezimali zokusebenzisa i-intambo ngokuphelele ngenxa yokuthi i DDR4 isebenzisa ngokuthuthukile. Iindlela ezincane zokuhlukahluka kuholela futhi ukuba izisithelo zokusebenza zilale ngemva kokuthi kudinga ukubuyiselwa. Iindlela zokusebenza zilala ngempela lapho azikhaliwa ngokuphelele ngenxa yokuthi kwehlukahluka, ngakho ke izinhlelo zingcono kwezimali okudinga ukulungiswa nezinto ezisha ngemva kwezinyanga.

Iziliphi ezingenakutsho kwekala le-Rack-Level kW/h

Imiphumano yokusebenza kwezindawo zokusebenzela kwe-DDR4 iyasetha inkorvo yezindleko ngokuthi kusetshenziswa amakhilowath-iya ngaphansi. Izindawo zokusebenzela ezingena kwi-DDR4 ziyabona ukuthi izindleko zokusebenzela ziyaphansi ngokukhulu eminyakeni embili. Ngaphezulu koku sithola amakhilowath ngaphansi, le miphumano iyathuthukisa ukuncipha kwezindleko zokusebenzela kwezindawo zokusebenzela futhi. Kakhulu kumaqembu athintekayo, izindleko zokusebenzela ziya ngaphansi ngokushukela, lokhu kunciphisa izindleko noma ukuthola amaphrofiti. Baningi abasebenzisa IT abathola ukuthola iziphumo eziyinhloko ngemva kwezinyanga ezingu-18 ngokuthi zidinga amathuluzi amaningi.

Isibonelo Sentengiso: Isimame Solwandle 28% kwi-Cluster engenani labantu 1000

Isibonelo esemqondo sokuqala sikhona kumsebenzisi mkhulu wemikhatfu yaseqanda eqwalasela amanodi ayingu-1000 esebenza ngemikhatfu ye-DDR4 ezifakwe kuzo zonke izinhlayiya. Bayabona ukuba yakhula imali yabo yezinsuku zilandela umthwalo wokudla ngemali engu-28% kamva bamba kusebenzisa imikhatfu ezedwa. Lezi zindlela zokunciphisa imali zibonisa kahle ukuthi i-DDR4 iyini esingayo xa isebenziswa kakhulu kuzinhlayiya zokusebenza. Kuzindawo ezikhulu zokugcina imali ezinezindleko ezinkulu zokudla ngemva kwenyanga, le nto iyisidingo esikhulu. Imali esicatshangwa kuzokudla ayiyi into ethola ukuthi yiliphi na leyo esingayo, kodwa ikhomba abasebenzisi ukuthi baphumele imali kuzokugcina izinhlayiya, amaprosesa amanene, noma evenkisa imisebenzi yabo ngaphandle kokuthula imali. Abasebenzisi abaningi bafumana ukuthi izindlela zokuthulela i-DDR4 zibhala imali yabo ngaphandle kokungabi noma ngemva kwizinsuku ezifewekayo ngokuthuthukisa imisebenzi.

I-RDIMM ephakeme kakhulu Server Imigwijo yokuvumela

iimodhuli ezingama-32GB-128GB vs. Iimodhuli ezedwa zeDDR3 DIMM

I-DDR4 ingxenye yokugcinwa kungasebenzisa imoduli engaphezu kune-D3R3 noma yini, iyaye kuya kuma-128GB ngeminye imicabango. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izivivinywa manje zingasebenzisa ngaphezu kwengxenye yokugcinwa ngalunye uhlobo, okwenza usebenye ngaphezulu kwezindawo ezifinyelelweyo ematheni edlulelweyo. Xa izinkampani zisebenzisa noma zingenisela izinombolo ezinhle, ukwakha ngaphezu kwe-RAM ngaphandle kokwengeza izinto eziphambene kungasebenzi. Ikapasiti ephakeme kusiza izivivinywa ukusebenzisa izinkomba ezinhle ngokushesha futhi ukulinda izindleko zokucula. Kumaqembisi we-TI abasebenzisa imisebenzi emikhulu, lezi zibuyekezo zenza uhlu olukhulu xa kusebenzwa noma kusebenzelwa imisebenzi yokunquma noma ukusebenzisa i-cloud kompiyutha okudinga indawo ephambene.

Ukuhlanganiswa Kwememori Ngokusebenzisa CXL 2.0 Ukuze Kugcinwe Ukushintshashintsha

Imemori ye DDR4 inika amaphetho amaningi xa iqhobana ne teknolojhi ye CXL 2.0. Lokhu kwenza kube khona ukuthi kutholwe ipuli lememori ethintekayo esenza ukuthi izicathami zingakhula noma zingcwele njengoba kudingeka. Le ndawo inemaphikiswano amaningi xa kusebenzela nezindlela eziguqwa ngokushukuma kwezinsizwa. Izicathami zingathengisa izimkhiqizo ngendlela efanele futhi zifakaze kahle kumaqandwe ethathwa phakathi, ngakho ke zilinda inqanawa noma xa kudinga kakhulu noma kungaphansi. Okuthiwa yilokhu kwenziwa kusebenzisa le ndawo kukuthi kuyilona enqakisa ukuthi imemori iyahlukahluka phakathi kwezinqawatha ezahlukene. Esingathi sengaphandle kwezithakatha eziguqwayo, kunezifiso ezinguqu ngokushesha, esenza ukuthi amasewa ayohlise kakhulu kumaqandwe ethathwa phakathi kwezindawo zokusebenza eziguqwa ngokushukuma kwezinsizwa ezikhona kuleli xesha.

Ukunconywa Kwesitakela Sokugcina Ngokuncinwa Kwezinhlobo Zemishini

I-capacity yememori ephathelwe yomkhiqizo we-DDR4 ibonisa ngokuthi amakhampani engaphindaphinda ukuxhumana kwezinsizwa ezindala ngokuthi zibe yikha noma babili okunye obuningi. Le ndlela ibangela ukuthi izinkampani zedatha zibe ngakunye kakhulu ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwezinsizwa. Futhi, amakhiqizo we-IT ayidingi ukusebenzela ngokweqile kakhulu noma ngokwehlukahlukene ngenxa yale ndawo ethuthwe. Izinsizwa eziphansi ngokudlala kuzo kubangela ukutho kunciphise imali kakhulu yekhilektirithi nezindleko zokuhlinzela. Zonke izinkampani zazindlela ukulawula izinko ezinhle ngokuthi zibe ngemali, ngakho le ndlela yokusebenza kuyindlela enkululekile kakhulu.

Ukulayisha Imibhalo Yememory Channel

Dual vs. Quad-Channel Throughput Benchmarks

Ukubheka indlela amakhulu e-memory asebenza ngayo ibonisa ukuthi izinhlobo ezingane-4 (quad-channel) ziyindlela enye kakhulu yekhaneli le-2 (dual-channel) lapho kudingeka kuthathwe amanani ngokushesha. Kungani? Ikhaneli ezingane-4 ikhathwa amanani anengiyo endaweni efanayo, ngakho ke isistimu sonke siyashisana futhi siyashesha. Kulabo abathanda ukuthola amanani okungenanani kwe-DDR4, ukukhetha ikhaneli elula kakhulu. Njengoba izinhlobo zokusebenzela kuzokudinga amandla ngokuphezulu namanje, abasebenzisa amathuluzi kumele bakhumbule ukuthi ikhaneli le-2 nezingane-4 zinezinhlobo ezithile. Ukufunda ngokuthi yimaphi amathuluzi enza ukuthi amashini asingapheli ukuthola amanani akhona ngokungathi abakhetha engiyimaphi.

Ukulandela Kwamagama Ama-Signal Dla Imigqa Elingana Ne-8 DIMM

Ukuvumela ukuba ikhowudi yomtheleli iphumelele kakhulu lapho uqala ukuseta le 8-DIMM ngoba ukungenjalo siya kuthiwa nezinkinga zokulahla idatha noma ukushisa kwesistimu. I-DDR4 inememori yekhowudi enezinhlobo zokudizaj izibonelo ezingcono ukuthi abasebenzisi bakwazi ukwenza amathuluzi ukuvikela ukuba ikhowudi iphumelele noma lapho ikhiye kakhulu. Lapho uplanisa ukuthi ikhowudi yomtheleli ibe yekhono, abasebenzisi bokudizajla kufanele bafute nezinkinga eziphazamisa idatha kakhulu ngenxa yememori encane emkhawulweni. Okukhanya kakhulu ku-DDR4 kukho ukuthi kuyathandwa, okuvunywa amadizajuna ukuthi bakhiwe kakhulu. Lokhu kuvumela izinhlobo zokusebenza zasebenze ngendlela elula ngenxa yokuvikela idatha esibonile ukuthi kungathathwa noma iphunyelwe ngendlela engavumelekile lapho isistimu isebenza.

Imigomo Yokusenzakalisa Izindawo NgeNtengo Yokulandelana

Imithwengi evelayo yokuhlela izindawo kudlula indima ebalulekile ukuhlinzeka kwe-NUMA ngaphakathi kwezinhlelo zemikhwelo eziningi. Ukuqondisa kwe-DDR4 kunceda ukutholakala okungeke kufanele kube khona ngakho ke imithwengi iyakwa faka izilungiselelo ukuze kube khona ukuthuthukiswa kokuqonda kwezilithi. Xa izindawo zokuhlela zokuthuthukiswa kahle, idatha ihambisa phakathi kwezikhulu ngokushesha, okwenza ukuthi izisebenziso zihlanze ngokulungilela ngokuthi kunezimo zonke. Okukhulu kwe-DDR4 kukho ukuthi kungenzeka ukulungiselela okwenza abasebenzisi bakwazi ukulungiselela izinkinga zase-NUMA ngaphela ukuthi banyenze amandla, bakhela izinhlelo eziphendula ngokulungilela xa kuzozokwehliswa. Iimpilili zase-IT zonke zifumene ukuthi lokhu kusebenza ngemazinga evelayo kuzo zinhlelo zabo zaseva.

Firmware-Level RAS ekhangelweni lokuphepha kweData Center

Ukulungiswa emuva kokupakiwa kwamagosi weDRAM afayile

Imemori yeDDR4 inesu kakhulu ngokuthi yinikeza amandla okulandelana ngokuthiwa ngokuphepha kwe firmware-level post package repair kwezicelo ezingena ngokungcono. Oku kungcono ngokuthi kunciphisa izikhathi eziphakeme kwi data centers lapho kudingeka ukushunyiwe ngokuphelele. Indlela yokusebenza kwayo ikuthiwa abasebenzisi angeke bakwazi ukubuya ngokushesha ukulungisa izinto ngokwemigwa lapho kwezicelo ezingena ngokungcono. Lokhu kunceda i data centers ukuba nezondlo eziphakeme kakhulu ngokuthi kuvikeleke kakhulu lapho kudingeka ukushunyiwe ngokuphelele. Noma lapho kwezicelo ezingena ngokungcono, izinto zisebenza ngokujwayele, okuthiwa izicelo eziphakeme kakhulu ezigcina kwi server angeke zithinteke.

Ukulula vs. Ikhowudi yokulungisa Imposiso (ECC)

Ukubheka indlela patrol scrubbing iyalingana ne-Error Correcting Code (ECC) ibonisa ukuthi kufanele kuhlangene nge-DDR4 ngokuphandlinga iziphoshiso zokugcinwa kwezikhombi. Nge-patrol scrubbing, isisitemu ithatha khona izikhombi ngokuphelele, ithola le ziphoshiso eziphakathi futhi azikwazi ukwenza into engcono noma ngokungcono, ukulahla kwazo konke. Ngakolunye uhlango, i-ECC ithake indlela ehlukene ngenkathi ithola futhi ikhulise iziphoshiso lapho kuthathwa idatha. Kuye kubaluleke ukwazi le nto yokuhlangana ngenxa yokuthi kuthinte ukuthi yiziphi izindleko zokuphepha okufanele zisetenwe. Okungcono kokuphoshisa iziphoshiso akuyona kuphela ukuvikela ukungena kweminyaka kodwa kuthinte kahle ukuthi idatha iyini efanayo kuzo zonke izisebenzelo eziphilosayo ezenzekelwe kuzo kuzo zonke izimo zokusebenza zomnotho.

Imicabango Ye-Hot-Swap Usebenzisa Ukumelana Kwememori

Ukusekwa kwe-mirroring yememori kwi-DDR4 kwenza yindlela yonke xa kusebenzela imicabango okudinga ukuthi kushintshwe amamodi yememori ngokushesha. Ngeyolo ndlela, abasevisi bengakhipha izincazelo ngaphandle kokuthi kula-bayi yisistimu yonke, ngakho amasebenzi ahlala aphume ngokuzimela kusukela ekweni. Kwiinkomo ezinkulu, le ndlela iyahluka kakhulu ngoba ngamanye amaminithi ekuhlaleni kuthengiselwa imali. Ukusekwa kwe-mirroring kwenza iinkomo zilale kwi-intanethi futhi zake ukusebenza ngendlela enjalo. Oku kuthiwa yinto yokuba kusekelwe kahle kwezindlela zonke, oku kuthiwa ukuthi izinkundla zemali zinethulwa kakhulu ngokweqile. Kwezinye izigaba ze-IT, kuthiwa kunezindleke zokuthi kunezindleko ezingaphezu kwe-30% ngokushesha ukusuka kona kwi-DDR4 ngezindlela zokusekwa kahle.

Imibono Yemisebenzi Yasekhaya

Ukuphakama Kwamagama Akhona Ngemva Kwemigudu

Emva kokushintsha kumemori ye-DDR4, izinkampani ezincane zedatha kubona ukuthuthukwa okukhulu kwenani le-Machini Evirtuali engezona kulokhu okulingana. Lokhu kushintsho kwenziwe kakhulu ukuthi izinkampani zenze yini ngevinthilwe zazo ezingenakukhona, kuvumela ukuba balethe inani elikhulu kwezimali zazo zokwenza izinko. Xa kukhona inani elikhulu lezimachini ezivirtuali ezithunyelwe kumunye ngamunye weserivha, izindleko zisebenza ngokungenakukhona, lokhu kusho ukuthi izinkampani zibona ukuthola inani elikhulu lezimali zazo ngevinthilwe zazo. Izinkampani ezikholwa ngokuthi Google ne-Microsoft babhalile ukuthi i-DDR4 iyahlola ngokuphelela izindleko ezingenakukhona ngaphandle kokuthakaza. Izfundo zabo zokuthi zishintsha kubonisa ukuthi loo mdodi wememori iyasebenza ngokungenakukhona kubalulekile ukusebenza kwemikhiyana yezwakalweni zokujuluka zokwamanje.

I-Cluster eHPC Iqukethe 19% Ngempela Watts/FLOP

Izinhlobo zokusebenza ngokukhulu (HPC) zibona ukuthuthukwa okuhle ngememo DDR4, okunikeza ukuthuthukwa okungenani kwezimali ngokuphindwe kabili kwezimali ngokulingana ne-Watts ngasikhathi FLOP. Kumaqondana enqaba lezi zinhlobo, lokhu kuyindlela engcono kakhulu ngoba zidinga ukusebenza ngokukhulu nokunciphisa izindleko zokushisa. Ukubheka izinombolo ukubonisa ukuthi kani DDR4 iyahluka ngokweqile ikunciphisa ukusebenza ngendlela ephumelelayo hhayi HPC abasebenzisa kakhulu ukwenza amandla wokuthi kungakhohlwa amandla abo. Ukuxhumiwa kweqile kweqile nokunciphisa ukusebenza kwenziwa i-DDR4 ikhona ngendlela yokuthuthukwa kwamadatasheni lapho umawattu onke ongeniswa kuyenza amandla atholakala ngokudla ngokudla.

Imithwethwe Yekhowudi Yokunciphisa Isikhathi

Ibhanki elilodwa lubele ubukeka obukhulu kakhulu emsulweni wokusebenza ngemuva kokuguqula kuya kumemori ye-DDR4, okubonisa ukuthi izindleko zokwenza izisombululo zazokwenzeka ngokushesha futhi abasebenzisi baze bakhululekile kakhulu ngemikhawulo yokusebenza. Ukunciphisa ukugcina kakhulu kumesaba ngokweqile xa kufika kuzinombolo eziphambene nezilungiselelo eziyinkimbinkimbi. Ngokunikezwa kwezilungiselelo ezingcono nezinombolo ezingaphezulu, izinkampani zokuphathwa zingathumela amaphoyint amasha kubasebenzisi, abangena ngemondli wokukhanya kubasebenzisi abangazigcina. Ukubheka izinombolo eziphakathi kule ngxenye inikela inkqubo yekhowudi DDR4 ingayibekisa kanjani ukusebenza ngokuphelele. Le ngxenye engcono ayikhethi nje kodwa iyisitayela esobala ukuthuthukiswa okuhle kwezilungiselelo ezizayo ngemuva kokuthi inkampani ithuthukisa inkimbinkimbi.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Yintoni eyahlukileyo phakathi kwe-DDR4 kunye ne-DDR3?

I-DDR4 isebenza kwi-1.2V, ngelixa i-DDR3 isebenza kwi-1.5V, okwenza i-DDR4 ibe yimali engcono kunye nobungqina obetsha lwamandla.

Iyeyiphi indlela DDR4 iyayithutha ubunzima bexa lokugcina?

I-DDR4 ikhona ukuba khona amaspeedi wokushiphaya idatha kusukela ku-2133 MT/s ukuya ku-3200 MT/s, kulungisa ukushiphaya ok быстрее kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwemfanelo yemfanelo yezindleko eziphezulu zezindleko.

Kungani i-architecture ye-bank group ye-DDR4 iyisethunzi esimiselayo?

Lo mbiko we-bank uwuvumela ukufinyelela ngokuphelelwa, ukuthuthukiswa komsebenzi wezilima kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwemfanelo, okuyisethunzi esimiselwe kumisebenzi wesibonelo esikhulu.

Yini engenza i-DDR4 ithinte ukunciphisa izidingo zokulindela emkhumbini dawonye?

Ukuncipiswa kwamavolti we-DDR4 kungenza ukuncipiswa kwegciwane lokhu kuthenga ukunciphisa izidingo zokulinda futhi ethole amaphethelo amakhulu kuzindleko zabasebenzisi nezimali.

Sengathi i-DDR4 ingasiza ngezindlela zokubopha izivikelekile?

Yebo, i-DDR4 ivikela amamodi esihamu uphambi kwe-32GB ukuya ku-128GB, kulungisa ukunikezelwa kwememori ngasinye isivikelekile kanye nokuncipiswa kwizidingo zokutholwa kwezinto eziningi.

Izici zangempela zezindleko zini eziyisethunzi esinele i-DDR4 emkhumbini dawonye?

I-DDR4 ikunikeza amaphethini njenge ukulungisa ngemva kokupakatha kwezindlela zokugcinwa kwe-DRAM futhi ikhankisa ukubonakala komemo wokuhlola uma kusebenziswa esikhathini sokushintsha, kulokhu kuholela ekuvikeleni kwedatha senta.