Ukuthi i-Hard Disk Drive (HDD) ithuthukisa njani ukugcina imininingwane kubaseveri yezibalo?

Amaserver e-nterprayizi ayadinga izinkampani zokugcina idatha ezinamandla nezinhlobo zokugcina izinkampani zokugcina idatha ezinamandla ukuze zisebenze ngokuphelele kwezinkampani ezinkulu. I-Hard Disk Drive (HDD) isebenza njengomkhakha wokugcina idatha kumsebenzi wamaserver e-nterprayizi, esinika ubukhulu nobukhulu obudingekayo kubizomthwalo wokusebenza okunamandla. Ukuziqonda ukuthi lezi zinkampani zokugcina idatha ziyakhulisa ukusebenza kwamaserver kusiza amaphoyisa ukwenza iziphakamiso ezinamandla ngokugcina idatha.

Ukuthuthukiswa kwezinkampani zokugcina idatha e-nterprayizi kwenza ukuthi izinkampani zokugcina idatha zihlukene kakhulu, zinika izinsiza ezithile ezinamandla okukhulisa ukusebenza kwamaserver. Lezi zinkampani zinconywa izintsho ezinamandla njengekuthinteka kokuchaza impazamo, ukudibanisa ukuthinteka kwezinye izinto, nokuthinteka kwebukhulu obungcono ukuze kuhlanganiswe ukusebenza okuphelele phakathi kwezinkampani ezinamandla. Izinkampani zokugcina idatha zezinsizakaliso zasezinsizakaliso zihlakaziswe ukuze zisebenze ngokuphelele kumathuba okunamandla ngokuhlala kwezinkampani zokugcina idatha.

Ukuguqula Kwesikhundla Sokugcina Idatha E-nterprayizi

Imithambo Yokuhlanganisa Efanekileyo

Amaserver e-Enterprise ayiphatha kakhulu ukusebenzisa amadiski we-hard disk okwesibonelo esisebenzisa imithambo yokuhlanganisa emisiza kakhulu njenge-SAS (Serial Attached SCSI) nezinhlanganiso ze-SATA. Le mithambo iyathumela izindlela zokuthumela idatha ngokuphelele futhi iyabuyisa ubukhulu bekhululekile kunezinye zezindilingo zomsebenzi wendawo. Imithambo ye-SAS, ngokugcwele, ibhala indlela yezimbili yokuhlanganisa okuyizindlela ezimbili zokufinyelela kudatha, okubuyisa ubukhulu bekhululekile kwezindawo zokusebenza futhi ubukhulu bekhululekile kwezinkinga.

Imithambo ye-12Gb/s SAS iyathola isikhundla esibalulekileyo kwemithambo yokuhlanganisa yezindawo zokugcina idatha, ibhala ubukhulu bebandwidth obubili kwezinye zezigaba zangaphambilini. Lokhu kubuyisa ubukhulu bebandwidth okubuyisa umsebenzi wamaserver ukuthumela idatha ngokuphelele, ukunciphisa izinkinga zokuthumela idatha futhi ukubuyisa ubukhulu bekhululekile kwezindawo zokusebenza. Ubukhulu bekhululekile bekubuyisa amandla okuthola amadatha amaningi futhi abasebenzi abaningi ngokugcwele ngaphandle kokunciphisa izikhathi zokuphendula.

Ukuhlungiswa Kwesakhiwo

Izinkulungwane zezinhlaka zezinhlaka zezinhlaka (SFF) zazisuka kubhekisekile kwezindawo zokusebenza ngokukhulu ngokuthi ziyasebenza kahle kusendaweni futhi zinamaphuzu okuhamba kwamafutha okuhle. I-2.5-inch form factor ayisiza amadatha senta ukuthi abe nesikhundla esikhulu sokugcina isifundo emsebenzini wabo wokugcina isifundo ekhaya lokuqondwa ngaphakathi kwenhlaka yekhaya elincane ngaphandle kokuthi bakhuphe isikhundla sokuhlala kahle. Lokhu kucabanga kakhulu ukuthi kunezinhlaka eziningi zokugcina isifundo ngasemkhaya, okuyisiza ukuthi kunezinhloko zokugcina isifundo ezingaphezu kwezinhloko zokugcina isifundo ngaphandle kokuthi kubhekisekile isikhundla sokuhlala.

Ukuncane kwezinhlaka zezinhlaka zezinhlaka zezinhlaka ziyisiza ukuthi kubhekisekile ukuthi kunezinhloko zokugcina isifundo ngasemkhaya, okuyisiza ukuthi kubhekisekile ukuthi kunezinhloko zokugcina isifundo ngasemkhaya ngaphandle kokuthi kubhekisekile ukuthi kunezinhloko zokugcina isifundo ngasemkhaya. Lokhu kucabanga kakhulu ukuthi kunezinhloko zokugcina isifundo ngasemkhaya, okuyisiza ukuthi kubhekisekile ukuthi kunezinhloko zokugcina isifundo ngasemkhaya ngaphandle kokuthi kubhekisekile ukuthi kunezinhloko zokugcina isifundo ngasemkhaya. Ukuchaza kwezinhloko zokugcina isifundo ngasemkhaya nokuncane kwezinhloko zokugcina isifundo kuyisiza ukuthi kubhekisekile ukuthi kunezinhloko zokugcina isifundo ngasemkhaya ngaphandle kokuthi kubhekisekile ukuthi kunezinhloko zokugcina isifundo ngasemkhaya.

Izinhlobo Zokusebenza Nezibonelo

Isivinini Sesikhundla Nokuthuthukisa

Ukuqonda kwe-Enterprise hard disk drive kuyaphikisana ngokuphelele nesikhathi sokubhukuda, nokuthi izidrive zezingu-7200 RPM zinakho ukubaluleka okuhle phakathi kokuqonda nokusebenza kwezimali. Lokhu isikhathi sokubhukuda sinakho ukuthenga okufanele kuzo zonke izindlela zokusebenza zezindustria ngaphandle kokuthi kubhekwe ukuthenga kwemali. Isikhathi sokubhukuda esifanayo sinakho ukuthenga okufanele okusobala kuzo zonke izindlela zokusebenza okuzokwenzeka kuzo izinkampani zokuplanisha isimo sezindawo nezindlela zokuthenga okufanele.

Ukuxhuma phakathi kwe-sikhathi sokubhukuda nesikhathi sokufunda idatha kuyaphikisana ngokuphelele nesikhathi sokuphendula kwebhasi nekuqonda kwezindlela zokusebenza. Amasikhathi akhulu sokubhukuda ayaphula isikhathi sokubhukuda sokufunda idatha ngokuphathelene, okuyisisekelo esibalulekileyo kuzo zonke izindlela zokusebenza zedatabhesi nezindlela zokusebenza ezihlukaniswe. I-hard disk drive amaspecifications okubaluleka kwezikhathi nezinhlobo zokubaluleka zinakho ukuthenga okufanele kuzo zonke izindlela zokusebenza zezindustria.

Ukuvamisa Kwesivinini Ne-Storage Efficiency

Izindawo zesimanje zebhizinisi zidinga amandla amakhulu okugcina ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nenani elandayo lemininingwane nezidingo zohlelo lokusebenza. Ukucushwa kwe-hard disk drive engamatherabyte amabili kunikeza ibhalansi enhle kakhulu phakathi kwamandla nokusebenza kahle kwezindleko zokusebenza eziningi zebhizinisi. Leli zinga lamandla lisekela imisebenzi eminingi yedatha, amapulatifomu okuzenzakalelayo, nezinhlelo zokuphathwa kokuqukethwe ngaphandle kokudinga inani elikhulu lama-drive.

Ukusebenza kahle kwama-drive anamandla amakhulu kudlulela ngalé kwesikhala sokugcina esingenalutho ukuze kufake phakathi izici ezinjengokusetshenziswa kwamandla nge-terabyte kanye nezindleko zokuphatha. Amadivaysi ambalwa anamandla amakhulu anciphisa ubunzima bokuphathwa kwe-storage array futhi anciphise izindleko eziphelele zobunikazi. Le ndlela ithuthukisa nokwethenjelwa kohlelo ngokunciphisa inani lamaphuzu okuhluleka okungenzeka ngaphakathi kwengqalasizinda yokugcina.

Izici Zokwethenjelwa Nezokulondolozwa Kwedatha

Ukulungiswa Kwamaphutha Nokuvikeleka Kwemininingwane

Izinhlangano zezinkundla zokugcina idatha ezihle kwezinhlangano zikhiqiza izindlela zokulungisa iphutha ezisemthethweni ezinamandla okuhlinzekisa ukuthi idatha ibe yilokho kuzo zonke izimo zokusebenza. Lezi zinkundla zinamandla okulungisa iphutha (ECC) okunamandla okubona nokulungisa iphutha emibili ngokuzenzakalelayo, okukhupha ukuthi idatha ichithwe futhi kungakhathali imisebenzi yezinhlangano. Amandla okulungisa iphutha okwanele akhupha indlela eyodwa yokulondoloza ngaphezu kwezinhlangano zase-RAID.

Ukushicilelwa kwesifundo sokusebenza ngendlela yedijithali yindlela eyodwa yokulondoloza idatha kwezinhlangano zokugcina idatha. Lokhu kuhlinzekisa ukuthi kuphi isifundo sokusebenza esivumelwayo kuphinde sishicilelwe kuzinkundla zokugcina idatha, okukhupha ukuthi kungabikho okufana nokulungisa ngendlela engavumelekileyo okungakhathali ubuchanani bokusebenza noma ukuthi idatha ichithwe. Umsebenzi wokuvumela ishicilelo sedijithali kusiza izinhlangano ukuthi babe nesibonelo sokuthi ubuchanani bokugcina idatha bakhiqiza kuyaphila futhi kusebenza ngokwesifundo sesikhundla sokuphatha.

Ukuphathwa Kokusebenza Kokusebenza Kokusebenza Kokusebenza Kokusebenza Kokusebenza

Iziserver zesifundazwe zisebenza emilondolozeni yezintemperatura ezingaphakeme kakhulu okufuneka kuzo ukuthi izidlali zezinkumbulo zibe nendlela yokusebenza eyayikwazi ukuphatha izintemperatura eziphezulu nokuthintana kwezinye imilondolozeni. Izincazelo zokuphatha izintemperatura ezimangalisayo zihlanganisa izisensor zezintemperatura nezinhlobo zezindlela zokusebenza ezibuyekezayo ozokubuyela ngazo umsebenzi wendlali ngokuvamile kwezimilondolozeni. Lezi zincazelo ziyabulawa ukuthi umsebenzi uyahlukahluka futhi ukuthi ubudlelwano bawo buya kubadala kakhulu nakuba kunezimilondolozeni ezingaphakeme kakhulu.

Ukubulawa kwesakhiwo esikhulu sezidlali zesifundazwe kuhlanganisa ukuthintana okungaphezulu kwezikhathi nezinhlobo zezivibrasi ezithintana, okuyabulawa kuzo izinkinga zokuthintana okuzoba khona emilondolozeni yezindaba zezibalo. Izisensor zokuthintana zezinhlobo eziningi nezinhlobo zokugcina izihlangothi zokuphatha ziyabulawa ukuthi kungathinteka ngokushushu noma ngokuvibrasi okungaba khona ngokwenza izindaba zokuphatha noma ngokuhambisa izinto. Lokhu kukhuthaza kakhulu ubudlelwano obuhle nobudlelwano bokusebenza besistimu yezinkumbulo.

Ukugxilwa kwezifundazwe Server Amasango

Ukuhambanana nokuhlelwa kwezinhlangano

Izisombululo zesikhumba sesikhumba se-Enterprise zihlelwe ukuhambanana ngokushesha nezinhlangano zamaphepha amaningi nezinhlangano zokuphatha isikhumba. Izinhlangano zokuhlelwa nezinhlangano zokubeka kuzo ziyabuyisa ukuhambanana phakathi kwezinhlangano zezibhokhwe zokusebenza nezinhlangano zezibhokhwe zokusebenza. Lokhu kuhlelwa kunciphisa ubukhulu bekukhulula kwezinhlangano futhi kusiza izinhlangano ukudala izinhlangano zokusebenza esikhumbeni ngokufanayo phakathi kwesikhumbeni sabo.

Ukuthi izikhumba zesikhumba sezinkampani zingasemthwakweni ziyanciphisa ukuphatha nokunquma. Izinkampani zokugcina izikhumba ziyavumela abaphathi ukubuyeza noma ukudala izikhumba ngaphandle kokuvula imphakathi, ngakho kunciphisa ukungasebenzi kanye nokuphatha kwezinhlangano. Lokhu kubalulekile kakhulu emizimbeni eyodwa yezinhlangano lapho ukusebenza kungenabi kahle kubalulekile kakhulu kumsebenzi wabasebenzi.

Amathuba Okuphatha Nokujabula

Amathuluzi amahle okugcina amadiski ayisifunda ayabika izinkhomo zokujabuliswa nokuzilungisa ezinconywe kakhulu okuyakunceda ukwenza ukulungisa ngaphambili nokulungisa ukusebenza. Izinkhomo zokujabuliswa ngokwesibonelo (SMART — Self-Monitoring, Analysis, and Reporting Technology) ziyajabula ngokuphelele izinto zokusebenza kwediski futhi zibika ngokuthe ngaphambi kokuthi kubhekene nezinkinga eziphansi. Lokhu kukhomba ukulungisa ngaphambili kunceda ukungavunyelwa kwezinkinga ezingavumelekileyo futhi kunceda ukubuyisela ngokuplanwa emasikhathini okulungisa okwenzelwe ngokuplanwa.

Ukugxilwa kwezinkhomo zokuphatha kwezinhlangano kunceda ukujabula ngokuphelele nokuphatha izinkhomo zokugcina kuzo konke izihlakalo. Lezi zinhlangano ziyakwazi ukujabula izinkhomo zokusebenza, ukusetshenziswa kwesivinini, nokubona ukusebenza kwezidiski zonke kulesihlakalo. Ukubona ngokuphelele kunceda ukuphatha ngokuvamile futhi kunceda ukubona izindlela zokulungisa noma izinkinga zokusetshenziswa kwesivinini ngaphambi kokuthi zihlale kubeka impact emisebenzini.

Ukubaluleka Kwemali nokubaluleka Kwesiqhelo Sokuphatha

Izivumelwano Zemali Zokugcina Kwezinhlangano

Iziphungo zokusebenza kwemisebenzi yezinkampani zokusebenzisa izidlali zezindiza zokugcina amathuluzi ziyaphakathi kwezinkinga zokuthenga kwanoma kubona izinkinga zokuphatha, ukusebenza nokuphatha ngokuhle. Nakuba izidlali zezinkampani ziyathengiswa ngomkhulu kunezidlali zokusebenzisa ngokujwayelekile, ukuphatha okuhle kwanoma ubude bekho bokusebenza kubeka umsindo wokuthenga wokugcina okuncane ngaphansi kwesikhathi sokusebenza. Ukuncane kwezilingo zokuhlwa nokuphatha okuhle kubonakala ngokuthi kukhona ukuthenga okuncane.

Ukuvumela ukuthenga nokusiza okukhona ngezidlali zezinkampani kubeka iziphungo zokusebenza ngokuthenga ngokuthi kuncane ukuthabatha nokuthenga okungafanelekile. Izikhathi zokuthenga ezide nokuphatha okuthephile kubeka ukuthabatha okuncane nokuthabatha okuhambisana nesikhathi sokusebenza. Ukuthembeka okukhona ngokuphatha okuphelele kubeka amakhaya akhuluma ngokuthenga kwezinhlobo zokusebenza kanye nokuthenga kokugcina kanye nokuthenga kwezinhlobo zokusebenza.

Ukukhula kwaye ukuyahlula ngokuzenzekelayo

Izindlela zokusebenza zezinkulungwane zokugcina ezisemthwakathini zibhekene nokuqala kwezinkinga zokuthuthukisa ngaphambili nokubuyekezwa kwezinkinga ezingavamile ngaphandle kokufaka izinto zokusebenza zonke kusenzo. Umphawa wokusebenza kwamazinkulungwane okugcina angaphansi kwezinsizakalo zokusebenza kuyasiza amaphoyisa ukudibanisa i-incremental capacity njengoba kufuneka, ukuvikela ukufaka imali enkulu kuqala futhi ukunciphisa isivumelwano sokufa imali. Lokhu kuhlinzekile ukuthi izinsizakalo zokugcina ziyakwanda ngokujabulisana nezinkinga zokusebenza.

Ukude kwezinkulungwane zokusebenza zezinkulungwane zokugcina kusiza ekuvikeleni ukungafani kwezinto zokusebenza futhi kusiza ukuthi izindlela zokusebenza ziyakhula ngokude emva kwezinsizakalo. Ukufanana ngokwesikhathi esihlwayo nesinsizakalo esihlwayo futhi ukufanana ngokwesikhathi esishaya nesinsizakalo esishaya kusiza amaphoyisa ukuthi bakhulele isivumelwano sokugcina. Lokhu kunciphisa ukuphindeleka kwezinsizakalo ezingaphezulu kanye nezimali ezihlanganayo.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Yini okuhlinzeka izinkulungwane zokugcina zemithwakathi kunezinkulungwane zokusebenza ngamadoda?

Izimodeli zemidiski yezindiza zezindiza zebhizinisi zihlanganiswe ngokuphelele ukusebenza kuzo ngokuphakeme kwezindawo ezingaphakeme, nezinkulungwane zokuphelele kwezinkulungwane zokubona izinkinga, nokuthuthukisa ukuthola amaphutha, nokubeka kwezindawo eziningi. Zifundwa ngokuphakeme kakhulu futhi zifundwa ngokuphakeme kwezinkulungwane zokuhlanza, zinamafirmware okwebhizinisi nesikhundla esingaphakeme sokuvikela, futhi zinamathuba okufuna isibonelo eside sokuvikela nesikhundla esikhulu sokusiza.

Ukubhekana kwezindiza kuyakubangela kanjani ukusebenza kweserver

Izindiza ezingaphezulu kakhulu zingakwazi ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kweserver ngokunciphisa inombolo yezindiza ezidingekayo ukufaka isikhundla esithile, okuyakunciphisa ukuphatha futhi ukunciphisa izindlela zokubona izinkinga. Kepha, ubudlelwano phakathi kwezindiza ne-ukusebenza kubhekana nesikhundla esithile sokusebenza, noma kunezinhlelo zokusebenza ezizama ukuthuthukisa isikhundla ngokugcina kwezindiza ezingaphezulu kakhulu, noma kunezinhlelo ezingaphezulu kakhulu ezisebenza ngokuphelele ngokugcina kwezindiza ezingaphezulu kakhulu.

Ithipe yokuhlanganisa yini eyatholakala ngokwanele kakhulu kubhasi wezindaba zemfundo?

Izihlanganisi ze-SAS zisiza ngokwanele kakhulu kubhasi wezindaba zemfundo ngoba zinabantu obukhulu, ukulwa kwabahlanganisi ababili, nokuthuthukiswa kokuphelele. I-SAS yase-12Gb/s iyatholakala ngokwanele kakhulu kubhasi futhi iyincoma izinhlayo ezinkulu njenge-queuing yamagama nekuvikela ukungafani, okuyithola ngokwanele kakhulu kubhasi lomsebenzi omkhulu owenzelwe kubhasi wezindaba zemfundo.

Ukuphatha kwezinye zezibalo zingakanani kubhasi wezindaba zemfundo?

Ukuphatha kwezinye zezibalo kubalulekile kubhasi wezindaba zemfundo ukuphelela nokusebenza kahle, ngoba isikhathi esikhulu singasiza kuqhubeka kwezifunda ezingaphansi kwezinye zezibalo futhi sivalela ubudlelwano bezifunda. Izifunda zemfundo zincoma ukuphatha kwezinye zezibalo ngokwanele kakhulu nokusebenza okufana nesikhathi sokuphatha okufana nesikhathi sokuphatha, okusiza kubasika imisebenzi yobudlelwano obuphelele. Ukuphatha kwezinye zezibalo kwebhasi lezindaba zemfundo nokukhetha izifunda ngokwesibalo sezinye zezibalo kubalulekile ukusika imisebenzi yobudlelwano obuphelele.