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Ukufumana Server Imikhiqizo Yememory Ekuphileni Kwizikhathi Zomsebenzi
Ukunika umkhiqizo waseva imemory kungaba yinkingimbinkimbi ekuphileni kwizikhathi zomsebenzi (VMs). Ukunika umkhiqizo waseva inani elilodwa le-memory kungaba yinkingimbinkimbi phakathi kwemisebenzi emihle nemiphumela engahle. Ngokwesimo esikhulu esikrelela kumsebenzi wamaseva, ukuzinika kwememory kusobala ukulungiselela kakhulu kwezimali nezindleko.
Imizimba yesilinganiso sezinhlamvu kumele isetshenziswe ngokuhle ukubala kwezinhlamvu zomkhawulo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ngalunye i-VM ithole izinto ezifanelekile ngelishonile indawo yendalo. Le nyathelo ephambili kuzokusiza ukubala konke okudingekayo ngezinhlanganiso zezinhlamvu zomkhawulo wezinhlanganiso zakho, ngaphandle kwebala elihle nezigcinelelo zomkhuba.
Izinqubo Ezibalweni Zokubala Izinhlamvu Ze-VM
Izidingo Zokubala Kwizinhlamvu
Ngexesha ubala izinhlamvu zomkhawulo wezinhlanganiso, qala ngokubala izidingo zezinhlamvu zombhalo wesiseko nasezinhlenyweni zakho. Inhlanganiso ngayinye kudinga i-RAM enought ukusela umbhalo wakhe wesiseko — okwenzeka kubantu 2GB kumsebenzi ombalo we-Windows Server futhi 1GB kumsebenzi omncane we-Linux. Kodwa, lezi zizahluko kuphela, futhi izisebenzo ezihlukene zazihlukene zazingaba nzima kunjalo.
Izinhlelo zezinhlangano zamanje zingadinga imemori enkulu kakhulu, ikakhulukazi izinhambiyane, izinkundla zokuphatha izinto, nezinhlelo zokuzinza. Isibonelo, umsima wohlelo olusebenzisa izinservice eziningi ungadinga i-8GB noma ngaphezulu, futhi umsima we-database ungalidinga i-16GB noma ngaphezulu ngokwesimo sezindleko.
Ukuqaphela Kwe-Memory Overhead
Uhlelo lokuphumula (hypervisor) lomunye luzodinga memory overhead ukuze lukhiphe izimiso eziphazinywa ngempumelelo. Le ngxenye ihluka ngasekelweni kodwa ngokuvamile isebenza phakathi kwe-100MB kuye ku-200MB ngasinye isimo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izici zokuphatha imemori njenge-page sharing nememory ballooning zidinga ngxenye eyodwa engaqondakali kufuneka kube yilapho kulwazi kwizilinganiso zakho.
Hlola ukugcina ngaproximately 10% yezilinganiso zomemori weserver ukuze kusetyenziswe uhlelo lokuphumula nezidingo eziphakeme ngendlela engahle. Leli gumbi likunceda ukugcina ubunzima bokusebenza nokunika indawo yokuguquleka kwezidingo zomthwalo ngokuthutyana ngaphandle kokubangela ububi bokusebenza.
Izindlela Ezahlukene Zokubala Imemori
Ukuzinza Kwesimo Esiphezulu
Ukuchaneka kwezinhlobo zokusetshenziswa kwegcobo eliphelele kusiza ekubekeni phakathi ukunikezwa kwegcobo yesiphondolozi esihambene nezimiso. Faka imbono yokusebenza kwakho ngemva kwezinsuku ezinobukhusha futhi bhalalale isilinganiso sokusetshenziswa kwegcobo. Yengeza igcobo elingu-20% kuleli datha lemaximu ukuze kube yisimo sezinto ezingahleli noma izidingo ezingavamile.
Izixhobo njengezibonisi zenxenye futhi izibonisi zesimo sesidlalo zikwazi ukusethula izinhlobo zokusetshenziswa kwegcobo ngexesha. Le ndlela eyisebenzisa idatha iyasiza ekunakekelweni okuhle kakhulu kokunikezwa kwegcobo ngokulinganisa nokusetshenziswa kwalokho okwenzekayo, akungokulinganisa ngokwetheory.
Ukubala Ngokwesimo Sezindleko
Izinhlobo ezahlukene zezindleko zidinga izilinganiso ezahlukene zegcobo yesiphondolozi ema-virtual machines. Izingxenye zokuthutha kungase kusebenze kahle ngokunikezwa okuncane, kodwa iziphondolozi zomnotho kudinga izidlalo ezinkulu. Bala izidingo ngokuhlukaniswa kwezindleko:
Imisebenzi engcono (amaseva webhu, izindawo zokuthuthukisa): 2-4GB ngalinye iVM Imisebenzi enkulu (amaseva esicelo, imidwebo encinci): 4-8GB ngalinye iVM Imisebenzi emikhulu (imidwebo enkulu, ukuzinza): 16GB+ ngalinye iVM
Izindlela Zokunciphisa Isimo Sekhanda
Ukulungiswa KweKhanda Ngokusheshayo
Iziphala zamavulavula amasha azinikeza izici zokulungiswa kwekhanda ngokusheshayo ezikwazi ukuhlaziywa isimo sangaphakathi ngokulinganiselwe kusetshenziswa kwempilo. Lo teknoloji kusiza ekulungiseni isimo sekhanda sesirveri kumakhompiyutha avulekile ngokuhlela futhi izindlela apho kudingeka kakhulu.
Ukusebenzisa ukulungiswa kwekhanda ngokusheshayo kungaholela ekunakekelweni kwegunya elingu-20-30% kunemisebenzi yokunikezela okungeziwe. Kodwa, kudinga ukubheka ngokujulile nokulungiselela ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuphambene.
Izimphakatsi Zokudilizwa KweKhanda
Ukubuyisana kwezinkumbi kuchazela futhi kuhlanganisa izinhlobo ezifanayo zezinkumbi phakathi kwezinkinga eziningi, lokhu kususa isamba esikhulu sezinkumbi. Lokhu kusebenza kahle uma ushaya izihlobo eziningi ze-OS noma izinhlaka.
Isamba sokunquma kususelwa ukubuyisana kungahlala phakathi kwe-10% ne-50% ngokulinganisa nokuthi izinkumbi zibalasele kangakanani. Cabanga ngaleso samba sokunquma uma uhlela izidingo zakho eziphelele zezinkumbi zomshini.
Ukuhlela Ukuhlanjwa Kusasa
Izidingo Zokwakha
Ukuhlinzeka kwesimo sekhiye sakho sezinkumbi kudinga ukuqonda indlela yokuqhathanisa kwekungani yakho. Hlengi i-scaling yangaphandle (ukufakela izinkinga eziningi) ne-vertical scaling (ukongeza amathuba ngasinye isikhathi). Isivumelwano esihle kungukuthi uhlele ukuhlanjwa kwe-30% ngemva kwezingu-18.
Cabanga ngokusebenzisa indlela yokunquma izinkumbi eyodwa engavuthi ukuguquka okuphindwe ngaphandle kokuguquka kakhulu komthetho. Lokhu kunceda ukuthola ubunjwa ngemuva kwenkokheli izindleko ngendlela efanelekileyo.
Ukubalolwa Kwezenzo Nokulungisa
Ukubalolwa okuqhubekayo kwezinkomba zokusebenzisa imemori kusiza ekuboneni xa kudingeka imemori eyengeziwe yeserver yezimiso ezivirtualwe. Dala izikhali zokusebenza eziphambili futhi ulandele izinhloso ngexesha ukuze ubeke phambili izidingo zokuvuselela ngaphambi kokuthi kuhlangene ngezinkinga zokusebenza.
Sebenzisa izixhobo zokubalola ezihlaziyiweyo azinakwthumela izaziso kubaphathwayo uma isebenza sokusebenzisa imemori sikhona sihayi ngaphezu kwezilinganiso ezithile, ngokuvamile 80% yezimvume ezinikeziwe.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Ngani angikwazi ukwazi ukuthi izimiso zami ezivirtualwe zidinga imemori engaphezulu?
Babalane nezibalo ezibalulekile zokusebenza kanye nememori, umsebenzi wethonga lephage, nokuxhumana kwesicelo. Uma ubona ukuthinta kwezikhathi eziningi, ukusebenzisa kwezinguqu kophondo oluphezulu, noma ukuchukwa kokusebenza kwesicelo, kungenzeka ukuthi izimiso zakho ezivirtualwe zidinga ukunikezwa imemori engaphezulu.
Angikwazi ukunikezela imemori ngaphezu kwebala elithile emhlabathini wami ovirtuali?
Nakuba kungakhathalwa ukukhuthazwa kwe-memory futhi ngamanye amaxesha kungcono, kumele kubekekekile. Izihypervisor zamanje zingahlenga okuthile kwe-overcommitment ngaphakathi kwezinketho zokuphatha imemory, kodwa ukukhuthazwa okuningi kungahlezela izinkinga zemfundo futhi isimo sengqondo singashintshwanga.
Kutheni ukuthatha isivinini se-memory kumsebenzi we-VM?
Isivinini se-memory singathinta kakhulu umsebenzi we-machine yomnqweno, ikakhulu emazingeni enenxuxhwene ye-I/O. Imemory engisheshayo (amafomu aphezulu aMHz) ingayenhleza umsebenzi wesiPhindelo futhi ibe yincane indalo emisebenzini ephathekayo imemory.