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Izici Zokuphepha Ezibalulekileyo Ukulungiselela Kwenethiwekhi Yezinhawu
Kwiminyango yamanje ebuzekayo kakhulu, ukuphepha kwenethiwekhi kuyaphakeme kakhulu. Emadodini walenethiwekhi ezinhawu ziningi kukhona i Cisco switch , into eqhubekayo eyenziwa ngiyisisekelo sokuxhumana nokuphepha. Nakuba lezi zinto zinezici eziningi zokuphepha, izinhlanga eziningi azikwazi ukusetshenzisa amandla awonke, ekhathaza inethiwekhi ingabangela ububi.
Ukuqonda nokusebenzisa izici zokuphepha ezifanele ezingqalasizinda yakho yokushintsha ye-Cisco kungathuthukisa kakhulu izindlela zokuzivikela zenethiwekhi yakho. Lezi zici zisebenza ndawonye ukuze zakhe izingqimba eziningi zokuvikela, ziqinisekise ukuthi idatha yenhlangano yakho ihlala iphephile kuyilapho igcina ukusebenza kwenethiwekhi okuhle.
Ukusebenzisa Kungcoliswa Kwepoti
Ukuphathwa Kwamakheli E-MAC
Enye yezinto eziyisisekelo zokuphepha ezitholakala kuswitch yeCisco ukuphepha kwechweba. Lesi sici sivumela abaphathi benethiwekhi ukuba balawule ukuthi imaphi amadivayisi angakwazi ukuxhuma kumachweba athile okushintsha ngokusekelwe kumakheli abo e-MAC. Ngokwenza ukuvikeleka kwechweba, ungavimbela amadivaysi angagunyaziwe ukuba angene kunethiwekhi yakho, ngisho noma exhuma ngokomzimba echwebeni lokushintsha.
Inqubo yokuhlela ihilela ukubeka imikhawulo ephezulu yamakheli e-MAC nge-port ngayinye nokuchaza izenzo zokwephulwa. Lapho kwenzeka ukwephulwa, iswishi ingakhubaza ngokuzenzakalelayo itheku, ithumele isixwayiso, noma imane ilogge umcimbi, kuye ngezidingo zakho zokuphepha.
Ukufunda kwe-Sticky MAC
Ukufunda kwe-MAC okuhlukile kuthuthukisa ububi bokungena ngomugqa ngokufunda nokugcina i-MAC ephindelwayo kwikhiye le-switch. Lokhu kusebenza kakhulu emazingeni lapho ufuna ukugcina ububi kodumo ucinga umsebenzi wokulungiselela ngendlela eyayisebenzela. Uma kuvulwe, i-Cisco switch ifunda ngokuzenzakalelayo i-MAC yeziphazanyisi ezilungele ngempela njengalokho kubekwe ngendlela ethintekayo.
Lokhu kusiza umlando omuhle phakathi kwebuchanakazi nemisebenzi efanelekileyo, ikakhulu emakhaya amakhulu apho ukumisa i-ayithelithi ze-MAC ngendlela ethile kungaba yisikhathi eside futhi singabangela impazamo.
Imithetho Yeqiniso Le-VLAN
Amathiswili e-VLAN
Amalungelo eVLAN (VACLs) avuleka ukhawuleza okuphelele kumlando phakathi kweVLANs kanye phakathi kweVLANs kuwindidi lakho yeCisco. Leli lungelo kusinika amalungelo ekulungiseleleni umlando ngokwemikrelo ethile, kubandakanya izikhowudi zokuthuma kanye nokufika, iiprotokholi, kanye nezinombolo zepoti. Ukusebenzisa iVACLs kusiza ekugcineni indidi yakho ngendlela efanelekile kwaye kungavimela ukufikelela okungavumelekanga phakathi kwezinto ezahlukene zendidi.
Xa uhlungisa iVACLs, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela ingxaki yokuqhubeka kwizimali ezincinci kuphela, uvumele kuphela umlando ofunekayo woxhumo wonke into engenakwenzeka. Le ndlela ikhusela khona indawo enokuthethwa ngayo yizililo ezinokuthi ziphathe.
Ukugcinwa kweVLAN eyodwa
Amaphrothokholi we-VLAN esithunywa (PVLANs) athengelela indlela eyodwa yokuphepha ngokwenza izigaba zokunethweka ezigcinwe kusinye isigaba se-VLAN. Lokhu kubalulekile kakhulu emkhawulweni lapho abasebenzisi abaningi kudinga ukufinyelela izimpondo ezihlawulwayo ngelishweshwe bahlale bezigcinwa kusidina. I-switch ye-Cisco ingasetshenziswa ukuthuthukisa amaphrothokholi ekuqaleni ne-esibili, okwenzela ukuthi kwenzeke izigaba ezincane kusigaba sakho.
Ngokusebenzisa i-PVLANs, amabhizinisi angatholakala ukugcinwa okuhle kwenethiwekhi engaqhubekanga ukuphatha izikhathi eziningi ze-VLAN eziqondene, okwenza kube yimali enkulu nokuphatha kwenethiwekhi okuncane.
Ukuphepha KweNtonga Yokorhola
Ukuphatha KweNtonga Yokorhola
Ukuphatha KweNtonga Yokorhola (CoPP) yisici esibalulekile sokuphepha esibuyisela intonga yokorhola ye-switch ye-Cisco kusenzo lokungabulali okuthintana nesimo sezivivinyo kanye nentengo engalungile. Ngokusebenzisa i-CoPP, ungaholinza ukuthi izimpondo ze-CPU ze-switch zilindelekile kumisebenzi emiphakanyini yokorhola nokuphatha, noma kungekhona inhlawulo enkulu noma ngexesha lesinyo.
Ukumisela kungaba ngokwenza izimvo zithile ezivimbela ukulayisha okungcwele kwi-switch yekhontrola. Lokhu kusidla ukuthi inkondlo yekhontrola ephathelene, njengezibuyekezo zokuthola indlela nokufinyelela kokuphatha, ithole indawo yokwenzeka, ngelikahle inkondlo enokungcolisa ivimbela.
Ukusungula KweQeda Lokuphatha
Ukusungwa kweqeda lokuphatha kubalulekile kakhulu ekugcineni ubunzima bokusebenza kwesiseko senethiwekhi yakho. I-switch yeCisco inikeza izinhlelo eziningi zokusungula ukufinyelela kokuphatha, kuzo kufakwa ukuqukatha kweSSH, ukuthembeka kweTACACS+ noma RADIUS, ne-access control esisekelwe ku-inhloso. Lezi zinhlelo zihlanza phezu kusuku ukuqinisekisa ukuthi abaphathi abaqinisekisiwe kuphela angafinyelela futhi abagcine amadivhayisi enethiwekhi.
Ukusebenzisa izindlela ezizinzile zokuthembeka futhi ukuqukatha inkondlo yokuphatha kusiza ekukhokhleni ukufinyelela okungavumelekile kanti futhi kusungule iminikelo engcono yokucinezela ukuthi akwaphindzodwango.
Ukusebenzisa Ukuvimbela Inkondlo
Ukusungula Kwe-Inkondlo Yebhrothikasi
Imvukuzalo yemeshini ingaba ihlule kakhulu kusebenzi nemikhawulo yenethiwekhi. Isici se-storm control kwi-switch ye-Cisco sinesizo ekulungiseni le minyango ngokubamba nokulimaza izindleko zomlando, umlando wokuqukatha, nokulandela izindleko zomlando. Uma kuseto ngendlela efanelekileyo, isici se-storm control silenze isenzo ngokuzenzekalelayo uma izindleko zomlando ziphakama amatheshiwolide atholakalayo.
Leli gama likhona kakhulu ekulungiseni imvukuzalo yezindleko ezithintekileyo nezihlaku ngaphandle kokuthi ingaba zingahlukanisa inethiwekhi yakho noma ingahlaselwe kakhulu kwisebenzi sakhe.
Izindlela Zokulima Izindleko
Ngaphandle kwe-storm control esisisekelo, kunezindlela eziphuculiweyo zokulima izindleko azinokwenzeka ukuzilungiselela kwi-switch yakho ye-Ciso ukuze uthole ubunikazi obuningi kumlando wenethiwekhi. Kula kufaka phakathi ukulimaza izisindo ezithile zezindleko, ukusebenzisa izinhukumbano ze-quality of service (QoS), nokusebenzisa izici zokulungiselela izindleko ukuqinisekisa ukuthembekile kwenethiwekhi.
Ngokulungisa kahle lezi zici, ungathintela ubume bwenethiwekhi ngelinye ihlangothi ungakwamukeli izincumontshonto ezinokuthutha ukuthutha kwemvume yomlando.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Kungakanjani okufanele ngikubheke kanye ngibuyeke kwiqiniso le-Cisco esayinca?
Kufanele kubhekwa iqiniso lezimali ngaphansi kweziphondo, ngabe kube ngezinyathelo ezenziwa njengoko kudingeka ngokusha kuzinzuzo, utshintsho lwesifundazwe, noma izinhlobo ezilungile zeqiniso. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele kwenziwe ubuyeke oluphambili ngemva kokuthile kuzinzuzo zeqiniso noma utshintsho olukhulu lwenethiwekhi.
Kungakanjani umthelela wezi zici zeqiniso kwi-performance yesayinca?
Lapho kuyilungiswe kahle, izizathu eziningi zeqiniso zinephawu elincane kule-performance yesayinca. Kodwa, izici njenge-ACLs ezininzi noma i-QoS policies ezinhle ngempela kudinga imithuthuko eyodwa ye-CPU. Kubalulekile ukulandela izindlela zeperformance yesayinca emva kokusebenzisa izici ezisha zeqiniso futhi uye kusihlele kanye ngokuthinta.
Angikwenzela konke lezi zici zeqiniso ngasinye isikhathi?
Nakuba kungcono ukusebenzisa izici eziningi zokuphelelwa ngokufanayo, kuthandekile ukuthatha indlela ephaziyweni. Lokhu kuvumela ukuhlolwa nokubaluleka kwesicaba sokuphathwa ngwalo ngalinye phakathi kwenethiwekhi yakho. Qala ngezici ezibalulekile zokuphelelwa njengeqiniso lephodi ne-VLANs, emuva kakhona usebenzisa izici ezaneleyo ngemuva kokuqapha ubunzima bwenethiwekhi.