EN
Ukuziqonda Izidingo Zokugcina Kwemiphakathi Emisweni Yamanje Yemiphakathi Yedatha
Ukugcina kwezinkundla zodidi zonke ezihlakaniphileyo kuzo kungumgcini wokugcina idatha, nge izikhelo ze-server injongo ephakeme ekubeni yidala iqiniso lezinkathi nehlakanipho. Ngoba ivolumu ye-data iphinde iphinde ikhula ngokushesha, ukukhetha i-hard drive yeserver efanele kuyaphilisa kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ubunzima bokusebenza nokugcinwa komlando wesivumelwano. Izinkampani zamanje kumele zibuyeke ngcono izidingo zabo zokugcina idatha ngexhumana nokuthi izikhathi zikusebenza, izidingo zokugcina, neziphi na izimangaliso eziphilayo.
Izihlwebo namuhla ziyaphakama ngokugcina nokusebenzisa izinhlwembu ezinkulu zedatha ngelinye nohlelo lokufinyelela kahle kwaye zilondoloze ubunzima bedatha. Idiski yomqondo oyithanda iyathinta ngqo lezi zindlela, ikhathazwa konke kusuku lokuvala komshinelana kuveza inkathi yokubeka kanye nezindlela zokutholakala emva kokuchithwa kwidatha. Ukwenza isigaba esiqondile kudinga ukuqonda okugcwele kwezinhlelo zokusebenza, iziphethikhi, kanye nendlela zizobaluleka kumsebenzi wakho.
Iziphethikhi Ezibalulekileyo Kwizixhobo Zokugcina Zezenzo
Umbhalo Webumba Kanti Ngezidingo Zokuphawula
Xa ukhetha ikhayiphutha yomphathi waseva, kumele uthintele iqiniso ngemithambo yobukhulu nesivumelwano ngezisevisi ezikhoyo. Izinhawu ezihlukene zokusebenza kwezinhawu eziphakeme kungu-3.5-inch ne-2.5-inch, ngalunye ihlangabezana ngezinkinga ezahlukene. Iziphazimandla ze-3.5-inch zanikeza izinkomba eziningi futhi zibe nzima ngaphansi kwimali ngayinyani, ngelishwa i-2.5-inch isebenza ngokushesha kakhulu futhi inika amandla okuhlanjulwa kakhulu emaphutheni aphakeme.
Ngaphandle kwebukhulu, kumele uvavanye izici ezifana nokusetshenziswa kwegogo, ukugcwalisa kwegogo, nokufaneleka kwegogo. Iziphazimandla zamanje zomphathi zaseva ziqukethe izici ezijulile zokuphatha igogo ezisiza ekulungiseni isebenziso segogo ngelishwa sibophelela izivikanoko. Ukuziqonda lezi ziphimile zihlinza ukuthi uqashise ngendlela efanelekile kwindawo yakho yokugcina idatha.
Izilinganiso Zokusebenza Nokuhlukaniswa Ngokushesha
Izinkikelelo zokusebenza ze-diski yasevera zihlukana kakhulu kuzindlela zokuphendula kwesistimu yonke. Iziphimba ezibalulekile kufana noxhumano (okumele kwi-RPM), ubude be-lantensi, nokulinganiswa kokuthumwa kwe-data. Iidrives zezinhlanga zezinhlanga zisebenza ngama-7200 RPM noma ama-10,000 RPM, nezinye izinhlelo eziphambili zifinyelela i-15,000 RPM. Lezo ziphimba ziholela ngqo kushishino olukhulu lomkhawulo wethu wodata nokuthunyelwa kwayo.
Ubungakanani bwebhafu baleli indima ebabekayo ekusebenzweni kwe-diski, njengoko kusebenza njengemphakathi phakathi kwezixhobo ezinezixhobo ezimnene kune-interface yeserver. Iidrives zasevera zamanje zinebhafu enkulu, ezahlukahluka kwi-128MB ukuya ku-256MB noma kangakanani, zilandela ukulungiselela izinhlobo zokufinyelela kudatha nokuthuthukisa ukuphendula kwesistimu yonke.
Izici Zokubaluleka Nezobuchwepheshe Bezinhlanga
Izinkundla Zokuthola Impazamo Nokulungisa
Amadivayisi e-server ebukhulu ayinake amandla okulungiselela nokulungisa impazamo ngokuzenzekelayo ukuze aqiniseze ubumnandi bebhedi. Amahluli wezibalo ezinezinhlelo zokulungisa impazamo azisebenza kabusha ukuthola nokulungisa izinkinga ezingaba yizigaba ngaphambi koko kuthinta ukufinyelela kwabhedi. Lezi zici zibalulekile kakhulu emkhakheni inhliziyo apho akunakwenzeka ukuchithwa kwebhedi noma ukulahlekwa kwazo.
Izinhlayiya eziningi zamuhla zinezici zokubheka ngokwabo ngaphakathi kwezinhlelo ze-S.M.A.R.T. (Self-Monitoring, Analysis, and Reporting Technology). Lezi zinhlelo zinikeza abagcine amavazi amasha ngalenyathimba mayelana nomdla wodivayisi nezibalo zemfundo, zivumela ukulungiswa ngaphambilini nokuncipha kweziphumo ezingaba yizigaba.
Izilinganiso Zezimali Nezici Zokuphila
Ukuziqonda izilinganiso zomsebenzi kubaluleke kakhulu xa ukhetha ikhadi lesiphindisi esiseveri. Idrayivu zasekhaya zibekwe ngokuthola umsebenzi oghubile emazingeni ethintekayo, nezilinganiso zomsebenzi ehlukanwa ngamabhilioni ebhayithi ezibhalwe ngonyaka. Lezi zilinganiso zesisiza ekubhekiseni ukuthi na idrayivu ethile ingathatha kanjani umsebenzi owenzeka ngoyilo lwesikhathi esifanele.
Izici zempilo ziyaphandle kweqiniso leminingi yeminyango futhi ziqukethe ukuphepha kwezimo zangaphakathi. Idrayivu zaseveri zezinhlanzelo zasemgcansi zafaka ubungakanani obunikile bokuvikela phakathi kwebhubhu, ukukhathazeka kwehulumo, nokuphatha ubomi bendawo. Lezi zici zihlinza ukusebenza kahle noma kube sele sisezimini ezihlukene zedatha yesiphindisi.
Izobuchwepheshe Zophando NamaKhonkephetha
Izinsima Ezamanje Zophando
Ukukhetha teknoloji yesixhobo sikhona kakhulu kusinika isiphumo esikhulu kumsebenzi nokutholakala. Ihard drive zezinhlanganiseli ezintsha ziyasebenzisa SAS (Serial Attached SCSI) noma SATA (Serial ATA). Izinhlanganiseli zeSAS zingaba neminyaka engaphezu futhi nezici zokuphila okunjalo, ngakho ke zihle kakhulu kubuchwepheshe obunconywayo. Izinhlanganiseli zeSATA, nakuba zingaba nenani elincane leminyaka, zinikeza inani ephambene kakhulu yizinkinga ezifuna ukugcinwa.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuziqonda izindlela zokungahambi kwe-interface namathela njengoba zihambisana nesidingo samsebenzi wakho. Izixhobo zeSAS zamanje azivikela amathela adlula kuya ku-12Gb/s, ngelenge yeSATA ingasebenze kwi-6Gb/s. Le mininingwane ihambisana ngqo nomthelelo omkhulu ongalindelwa futhi kumele ihambisane nesidingo sakho somsebenzi.
Izidingo Zokulungiswa Kwaphambilini
Ukuthi uma uhlela ukwenza ukuhlaselwa kwezinhawu zeseva, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuzimisela ezintshanduko zokunyuswa nokuvuselela. Teknoloji yophando okukhethiwe kufanele ikwamuke izinqumo zakho zokuthutha futhi nezidingo zakho zokusebenza okuholelwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, qiniseka ukuthi izinhawu ezikhethayo zakho zixhasa izici ezihlezi njenge-hothot-swapping nezindlela eziphindephindwe ngokuphindwe ukuhlakanipha okuphuculiwe kanye nokulungiswa.
Izitechnoloji ezisha kanye nezimali zokulinganisa kufanele zibe yinto ebalwa phakathi kwizinqumo zakho. Nakuba kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina ubunikwano ngeziseko lezimali ezitholakala, ukukhetha izinhawu ezixhasa izivumelwano nezici ezisha zingasiza ukunyusa ubude bezinkathi yesifundo sekhiye sakho sokugcina.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Izidrivi zomkhiqizo zezinhlangano zilandela ngeke ziphele njani?
Amadiski ahlanzekileyo ase-enterprise ayenzelwe ukusebenza ngokuphambene futhi kahle kunezindlela zokulahlekelwa (MTBF) ezingu-1.5 kuze kube ngu-2.5 iminyaka engu-izikhathi. Kodwa, umkhawulo wempilo kubangelwa yezinkinga ezithile njengeqiniso le-load yesiseko, umdali wokusebenza, nokuziphatha kwesimilo. Ngokuziphatha kahle nokubeka amandla, amadiski ase-enterprise angasebenza ngokushesha ngama-5-7 iminyaka noma ngaphezulu.
Yeyiphi indlela ehlukileyo yokuhlanganisa izinhlayiya zomkhiqizo we-server?
Indlela ehlukileyo yokuhlanganisa izinhlayiya zomkhiqizo iyisilingo sokufuneka kwakho ngokwesivinini, ubukhona, nezidingo zokupheliswa. I-RAID 10 inikeza isidingo esihle phakathi kwezivinini nezokuphila kwi-application zentlhubi zonke, ngelixa i-RAID 6 inikeza ukuphela okuhle kakhulu kwezimpahla kumakhaya amakhulu. Cinga izinkinga ezithile njengesikhathi sokubuyisa, impikiswano yesivinini, nokuphathwa kwezilahleko xa ukhetha uhlobo lwe-RAID.
Ngicaphulela na izinhlayiya ezahlukene zomkhiqizo we-server kusistimu eyodwa?
Nakuba kungahle kube yisayinsa, ukudlulisana kwezinhla zokugcina izikhombisi ezahlukene kungenzeka ngokuvamile emazingeni ephathelene. Ukusebenzisa izikhombisi ezifanayo kusivikela iqiniso lezenzo, kuyenzi umphathi mlando futhi kusula isimo sokungqubana. Uma uhlinzekwa ukugcina okwemigqa, hlanganisa izihloko ezahlukanayo zezinhla zokugcina.